thermal energy

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a device that uses thermal energy?

• Stove

• Fan

• Refrigerator

• Television

Open Ended

Why is understanding the transfer and transformation of thermal energy important in everyday life?

Open Ended

Explain how the motion of atoms and molecules in solids, liquids, and gases is related to the concepts of thermodynamics.

Multiple Choice

What is the study of heat transformations into other forms of energy called?

• Thermodynamics

• Kinetics

• Electrodynamics

• Mechanics

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about thermal energy and temperature are correct?

• Thermal energy is the total energy of the molecules in a substance.

• The average energy per molecule is related to the temperature of the gas.

• Thermal energy and temperature are unrelated.

• The total energy of the molecules is called kinetic energy.

Fill in the Blank

If you put a balloon in sunlight, the balloon gets slightly ___.

Multiple Choice

What happens to the movement of helium atoms when the temperature is lowered?

• The movement slows down

• The movement speeds up

• The atoms disappear

• The atoms split

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Open Ended

Describe how the thermal energy of a solid is determined and how it differs from that of a gas.

Multiple Choice

What determines the thermal energy of an object?

• The temperature and the number of particles in the object

• Only the temperature of the object

• Only the number of particles in the object

• The color of the object

Open Ended

Explain the process that occurs when you measure your body temperature with a thermometer.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are true about thermal equilibrium?

• It occurs when two objects reach the same temperature.

• Energy transfer between objects stops at thermal equilibrium.

• Thermal equilibrium can only happen between solids.

• At thermal equilibrium, the rate of energy flow between objects is equal.

Fill in the Blank

The hotter the thermometer, the more the alcohol ___ and the higher it rises in the tube.

Multiple Choice

What property of liquid-crystal thermometers allows them to indicate temperature?

• Color change of crystals at specific temperatures

• Expansion of liquid in a tube

• Electrical resistance change

• Sound produced by crystals

Multiple Choice

Who devised the Celsius temperature scale and what is the freezing point of water on this scale?

• Anders Celsius; 0°C

• Isaac Newton; 32°C

• Daniel Fahrenheit; 0°C

• Lord Kelvin; 100°C

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of the temperature -273.15°C for an ideal gas?

• It is the boiling point of water.

• It is the temperature at which all thermal energy is removed from the gas.

• It is the average temperature of the universe.

• It is the temperature at which water freezes.

Fill in the Blank

The zero point of the Kelvin scale is defined to be __________.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about the Kelvin scale are correct?

• The freezing point of water is about 273 K on the Kelvin scale.

• Each interval on the Kelvin scale is equal to 1°C.

• The Kelvin scale allows negative temperatures.

• The boiling point of water is about 373 K on the Kelvin scale.

Multiple Choice

Which formula is used to convert Celsius temperature to Kelvin?

• T_K = T_C + 273.15

• T_K = T_C - 273.15

• T_K = T_C × 273.15

• T_K = T_C / 273.15

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Multiple Select

Which of the following are methods by which heat can be transferred?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Reflection

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Fill in the Blank

The SI unit for specific heat is ___

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes specific heat?

• The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a material by one temperature unit.

• The total energy contained in a material.

• The amount of energy required to melt a material.

• The energy required to change the state of a material.

Multiple Select

Which of the following factors affect the amount of heat gained or lost by an object as its temperature changes?

• Mass of the object

• Change in temperature

• Specific heat of the substance

• Color of the object

Open Ended

Explain how the equation Q = mCΔT is used to calculate the amount of heat transferred to or from an object. Include the meaning of each variable in your explanation.

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Open Ended

Describe the process of heat transfer between two substances in a closed, isolated system, and explain how the final temperature is determined.

Multiple Choice

In a calorimeter experiment, a 0.040-kg block of zinc at 115°C is placed in 0.50 kg of water at 15°C. What is the final temperature of the system?

• 16°C

• 15°C

• 115°C

• 100°C

Classroom Resources | Understanding Specific Heat Capacity | AACTiconiconiconiconicon

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Open Ended

Reflecting on what you have learned about temperature, heat, and thermal energy, what is one question you still have or one concept you would like to explore further?

Multiple Choice

What is thermal energy related to, and how can it be transferred or transformed?

• It is related to the motion of an object's particles and can be transferred and transformed.

• It is related to the color of an object and cannot be transferred.

• It is related to the shape of an object and is always constant.

• It is related to the size of an object and can only be transferred.