7.LS.1-2-Topic 3: Organelles & Functions

​7.LS.1-2-Topic 3
Organelles & Their Functions

By Jessica Freeman

​Objective:

Identify major cell organelles and describe how they support survival functions.

7.12DE Cell Organelles

Ms. Lobdell

​No..

​But all Eukaryotic cells do. This means both plant and animal cells are Eukaryotic cells.

​

​Prokaryotic cells refer to those without membrane bound organelles, like bacteria and archaea. (Don't need to know right now).

​Organelle

• ​A structure inside a cell that performs a specialized function

  Organelles:

  • ​cell wall

  • cell membrane

  • nucleus

  • cytoplasm

  • mitochondria

  • chloroplast

  • vacuole

  • lysosomes

  • ER (smooth and rough)

  • Golgi complex

​Cell Membrane

• ​lipid barrier

• ​encloses the cytoplasm

• ​controls what enters and exits the cell

• ​protects and gives cell some structure

• ​in both plant and animal cells

​Cell Wall

• ​tough, protective barrier

• ​made of cellulose

• surrounds the outer membrane of plant cells

• ​forms stiff and rigid structure to help plants grow tall

  NOT in animal cells

Multiple Choice

When water pressure changes in a plant cell, the cell wall _

• regulates material into the cell 

• helps the cell maintain its shape

• converts light to energy 

• separates genetic material 

​Cytoplasm

• ​jellylike material

• ​touches the inside of the cell membrane

• ​holds the nucleus, organelles, and other components of the cell

• ​in both plant and animal cells

Multiple Choice

Which organelle do both plants and animals have? 

• cell wall 

• chloroplast

• cell membrane

​Vacuole

• ​stores water waste and food

• ​in both plant and animal cells

• ​plant cells have big vacuoles to store water and keep their shape

• ​animal cells have many small vacuoles or no vacuoles at all

​Nucleus

• membrane-bound organelle in Eukaryotic cells

• ​contains DNA - genetic material

• ​control center of the cell

Multiple Choice

The nucleus is the control center of the cell. 

What organ in humans is this organelle comparable to? 

• lung

• brain 

• heart

• kidney

​Mitochondria

• ​bean/peanut shaped with lots of folds for surface area

• ​​functions in energy production​

• ​powerhouse of the cell

• ​in both plant and animal cells

• ​breaks down sugars to make ATP (energy)

  • ​process called cellular respiration

​Cellular Respiration

• ​process of obtaining energy from the breaking of chemical bonds in nutrients

• ​in mitochondria

• ​how cells get energy!

​Chloroplast

• ​oval shaped membrane-bound organelle

• ​site of photosynthesis

  • ​converts light energy into chemical energy

• ​contains chlorophyll - the stuff that makes plants green

• ​how plants get their food

• ​only in plant cells

Multiple Choice

Animals find and eat food for energy. Plants cannot do this. What organelle functions similarly to animals eating food? 

• cell wall

• nucleus

• chloroplast

• mitochondria

​Photosynthesis

• ​chemical reaction in plants

• ​converts radiant energy from the Sun to chemical energy

• ​converts carbon dioxide and water into sugar (glucose) and oxygen

Multiple Choice

What two organelles are ONLY in plant cells?

• chloroplast

  cell wall

• cell membrane

  cytoplasm

• mitochondrion

  vacuole

• cell wall

  mitochondrion 

​Ribosomes

• ​produce proteins

• ​small round organelles

• ​on Eough ER

​Other Organelles

​Endoplasmic Reticulum

(ER)

• ​network to transport and store substances in the cell

• ​pathway between nucleus and cell membrane

• ​Smooth and Rough ER

• ​ER (emergency room - ambulance transports you to the ER)

​Lysosomes

• ​break down food molecules and dead/injured cells

• ​mostly in animal cells

• ​Lysol cleaner

Multiple Choice

Lysosomes are similar to which organ system in humans? 

• respiratory 

• circulatory 

• digestive

• endocrine

​Golgi Body or Golgi Complex

• ​produces lysosomes

• ​packages proteins for the cell

• ​releases proteins into cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

The golgi apparatus is most similar to _

• the mall 

• the post office

• H-E-B

• middle school

What Are Cell Organelles??

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the nucleus?

• release energy from nutrients

• makes food for the cell

• stores food for the cell

• directs the cell's activities

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the cell membrane?

• directs cells activities

• holds a cell together and separates it from its surrounding

• stores food, water, and wastes

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the cell wall?

• supports and protects a plant cell

• release energy from nutrients

• directs all cell activities

Multiple Choice

What is the function of cytoplasm?

• makes food for the cell

• directs cell activities

• a jellylike substance containing chemicals that help the cell stay healthy

Multiple Choice

What is the function of chloroplasts?

• makes food for the cell

• supports and protects a plant cell

• releases energy from nutrients

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the vacuole?

• makes food for the cell

• directs a cell's activities

• stores food, water, or wastes

Multiple Choice

What is the function of mitochondria?

• supports and protects a plant cell

• releases energy from nutrients

• stores food, water, or wastes

Multiple Choice

This is the brain of the cell. It controls the cell's activities.

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Vacuole

• Mitochondrion

Multiple Choice

This is the jelly-like substance that holds and protects the cell's organelles.

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Vacuole

• Mitochondrion

Multiple Choice

This is a large sac that holds food, water, and waste.

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Vacuole

• Mitochondrion

Multiple Choice

These structures are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they release energy.

• Nucleus

• Cytoplasm

• Vacuole

• Mitochondrion

Multiple Choice

This green structure is found only in plant cells and uses energy from the sun to make food.

• Nucleus

• Chloroplasts

• Cell Wall

• Mitochondrion

Multiple Choice

This is the outer layer of a plant cell. It supports the cell.

• Cell membrane

• Chloroplasts

• Cell Wall

• Mitochondrion

Multiple Choice

These organelles build or synthesize proteins for the cell.

• Ribosomes

• Chloroplasts

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Golgi Apparatus

Multiple Choice

There are two types of this structure: a smooth one and a rough one.

• Ribosomes

• Chloroplasts

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Golgi Apparatus

Multiple Choice

This is the outer later of an animal cell and it controls movement in and out of the cell.

• Cell Wall

• Cell Membrane

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Golgi Apparatus

Multiple Choice

This structure packages and moves proteins through the cell.

• Cell Wall

• Cell Membrane

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Golgi Apparatus

Multiple Choice

TRUE OR FALSE: All living things are made of cells.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the smallest unit of life that can carry out all life functions?

• the mitochondria

• the vacuoles

• the nucleus

• the cell

Think of Cells Like a City

• Cities have many parts that keep them operating

• Cells also have parts that keep them operating

Organelles

• Organelles are the smaller pieces found within a cell

• Each of these have a different job

• Organelles work together to keep the cell alive

Cell Wall

• Offers structure and support to a PLANT cell

• This is similar to a brick wall which keeps a house standing up

• 
  

Cell Membrane

• The cell membrane's job is to protect the cell

• It also keeps everything inside

• Compare this to the locks on your door. These locks keep your home safe and secure

Multiple Choice

What organelle is the orange one? (We compared this to a lock and key)

• Cell Membrane

• Cell Wall

• Vacuole

Multiple Choice

This organelle provides structure and support to a plant cell.

• Cell Membrane

• Cell Wall

• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is ONLY in a plant cell?

• Cell Membrane

• Cell Wall

Nucleus

• Acts as a control center for the cell

• Holds genetic material (DNA)

• Similar to your brain!

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

• Deals with transportation of materials around the cell

• Attached to the nucleus

• This is like the cell's highway!

Multiple Choice

The green organelle in this cell is the..

• Nucleus

• ER

• Cell Membrane

Mitochondria

• Takes glucose (sugar) and turns it into ATP (a type of energy we can use)

• Think: "Mighty Mitochondria"

• Compare it to the battery that powers up your phone!

Multiple Choice

This organelle transports material throughout the cell.

• Nucleus

• Cell Wall

• Mitochondria

• ER

Multiple Choice

This organism is "Mighty" because it powers up the cell with ATP energy

• Cell Membrane

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

Multiple Choice

The circular pink organelle in this cell is..

• The ER

• The Mitochondria

• The Nucleus

• The Cell Membrane

Multiple Choice

Number 9 is the..

• Nucleus

• ER

• Cytoplasm

• Mitochondria

Chloroplast

• Found in PLANT cells

• Takes sunlight and turns it into glucose (sugar)

• This is the cell's source of food!

• Compare it to a chef!

Vacuole

• Stores water and food

• It's like your lunch box!

• Larger in plant cells

• 
  

Cytoplasm

• A gel that fills the empty space of the cell

• The organelles float in this!

• Compare it to a fruit cup!

Multiple Choice

The clear, jelly-like material in a cell that surrounds the cell’s organelles.

• Cytoplasm

• Cell Membrane

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

Multiple Choice

Function of the mitochondria

• Provide energy 
• Provide support
• Control center
• None of these

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the nucleus?

• The nucleus gives the cell energy

• The nucleus protects the cell from outside things

• The nucleus controls what happens in the cell

• The nucleus does not have a job in the cell

Cell Structure and Function

Cells are a review from 7th grade. Watch the videos on the next two slides to help you review. Then answer the questions in the Quizizz to help prepare you for the Exit Ticket for today.