BIOMOLECULES

​Biology Part 1

By John Concepcion

​EXAMPLES

Fill in the Blanks

Write or check the complementary base pair for each given DNA strand.

A T G C A T

Fill in the Blanks

Write or check the complementary base pair for each given DNA strand.

T A C G G A

Fill in the Blanks

Write or check the complementary base pair for each given DNA strand.

C G A T T G

Fill in the Blanks

Write or check the complementary base pair for each given DNA strand.

T T A C G C

Fill in the Blanks

Write or check the complementary base pair for each given DNA strand.

G G C A T A

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Multiple Choice

The small repeating units that make up proteins are called

• fatty acids

• amino acids

• monosaccharides

• nucleotides

Multiple Choice

Which of the following elements is not present in carbohydrates?

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Nitrogen

• Oxygen

Multiple Choice

What is the most common monosaccharide?

• cellulose

• triglycerides

• starches

• glucose

Multiple Choice

What are long chains of sugars called?

• amino acids

• disaccharides

• monosaccharides

• polysaccharides

Fill in the Blanks

A nutrient or biomolecule in food that helps build muscle.

Fill in the Blanks

Nutrients in food that provide energy.

Multiple Choice

Glucose is a ___________________________

• lipid

• protein

• monosaccharide

• starch

Multiple Choice

One function of carbohydrates is to _________________________

• maintain blood flow

• store and transport genetic material

• catalyze chemical reactions

• provide structural framework of cell walls

Multiple Choice

Which form of glucose is stored in the human liver and muscle?

• Cellulose

• Glycogen

• Lipids

• Starch

Multiple Choice

Lipids are insoluble in water because lipid molecules are _________?

• hydophilic

• hydrophobic

• neutral

Multiple Choice

Which of the following term refers to the combination of two types of monosaccharides?

• Monosaccharide

• Disaccharide

• Polysaccharide

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a term that refers to an energy source obtained from plants?

• Cellulose

• Glycogen

• Lipids

• Starch

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is made of nucleotides and contain you DNA?

• Carbohydrate
• Lipids
• Protein
• Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?

• Protein
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

What biomolecule do enzymes belong to? 

• Carbohydrate
• Lipid
• Nucleic Acid
• Protein

Multiple Choice

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen are elements in what biomolecule?

• Carbohydrate
• Lipid
• Protein
• Nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

What elements are common to all 4 biomolecules?

• Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
• Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorus

Multiple Choice

What is a biomolecule?

• The dissolved particle in a solution

• One of the by-products of respiration

• Large molecule that is present in living organisms

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

The function of the nucleic acid is --

• to store and transmit genetic information inherited from your parents

• to maintain our body temperature

• to build up muscles bones and other body parts

• to regulate sugar in your blood and give your cells energy

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a characteristic of protein?

• Made up of amino acids and regulate cellular processes

• Fats, oils, and waxes

• Complex carbohydrates known as starches

• DNA and RNA

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is important for insulation?

• Lipid

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

Your friend is really irritable while sitting in class. He feels lightheaded and dizzy. He is also feeling a bit of confusion and brain fog.

What inferences are most realistic to make about the biomolecules in your friend's body?

• He is running low on fast sources of energy

• Proteins are being broken down or reshaped

• The coding information in the cell is incorrect or incomplete

• There is not enough insulation or energy storage

Multiple Choice

It is a loosely used term for molecules present in organisms that are essential to one or more typically biological processes, such as cell division, morphogenesis, or development.

• Biomolecules

• Bioparticles

• Bioatoms

• Biomatters

Multiple Choice

This biomolecule is important in storing energy in the body.

• Carbohydrate

• Protein

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

It helps repair and build your body's tissues, allows metabolic reactions to take place and coordinates bodily functions.

• Carbohydrate

• Protein

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

It serve as structural components of cell membranes, function as energy storehouses, and function as important signaling molecules.

• Carbohydrate

• Protein

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

It is essential for the storage and expression of genetic information.

• Carbohydrate

• Protein

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

BREAD

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• lipid

• nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

CHICKEN MEAT

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• lipids

• nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

BUTTER

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• lipids

• nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

RIBONUCLEIC ACID (RNA)

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• lipids

• nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• lipids

• nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are biomolecules?

• RNA, DNA, proteins, lipids

• Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, polymers

• Nucleic acid, lipids, carbohydrates, monomers

• Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids

Multiple Choice

All polymers are made up of...

• monosaccharides
• monomers
• proteins
• None of these

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule makes up cell membranes?

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer for carbohydrates?

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

• Fatty acid

• Monosaccharide

Multiple Choice

Which monomer makes up lipids?

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

• Glycerol and Fatty acid

• Monosaccharide

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON)?

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

Which contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (CHO) in a 1:2:1 ratio and may have a ring-like structure?

• Nucleic acid

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

Multiple Choice

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous (CHONP) make up which biomolecule?

• Protein

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Nucleic acid

Multiple Choice

These are the simplest form of carbohydrates.

• monosaccharides
• polysaccharides
• disaccharides
• polymers

Multiple Choice

This is the primary form of sugar that is stored in the body as a source of energy.

• glucose
• galactose
• maltose
• fructose

Multiple Choice

It is also referred to as blood sugar.

• glucose
• sucrose
• fructose
• galactose

Multiple Choice

It is also called fruit sugar.

• fructose
• glucose
• sucrose
• galactose

Multiple Choice

A carbohydrate that needs to be transformed to glucose in the liver before it can be utilized.

• galactose
• fructose
• sucrose
• maltose

Multiple Choice

It is commonly known as table sugar.

• sucrose
• glucose
• lactose
• fructose

Multiple Choice

It is obtained from starchy foods such as potatoes and corn.

• maltose
• sucrose
• lactose
• galactose

Multiple Choice

It is the principal carbohydrate in milk.

• lactose
• galactose
• sucrose
• maltose

Multiple Choice

It is a soft, white, and tasteless powder that is soluble in warm water but insoluble in cold water.

• starch
• chitin
• cellulose
• glycogen

Multiple Choice

It is the principal structural component of plant cell walls, making stems, leaves, and branches strong.

• cellulose
• starch
• chitin
• glycogen

Multiple Choice

It is also known as animal starch.

• glycogen
• cellulose
• starch
• chitin

Multiple Choice

It is the major constituent of the exoskeleton of fungi and arthropods.

• chitin
• glycogen
• cellulose
• starch

Multiple Choice

What type of carbohydrate is this?

• polysaccharide
• disaccharide
• monosaccharide
• it isn't a carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

What type of carbohydrate is this?

• polysaccharide
• disaccharide
• monosaccharide
• it isn't a carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

Proteins are made of many ____ bonded together.

• amino acids

• enzymes

• polypeptides

Multiple Choice

All amino acids have the same basic structure. Which part of the amino acid makes each each one unique?

• amino group

• carboxyl group

• R-group (side chain)

Multiple Choice

What is the special type of bond that forms between two amino acids?

• hydrogen bond

• ionic bond

• peptide bond

Multiple Choice

The protein structure that results from a sequence of amino acids is:

• primary structure

• secondary structure

• tertiary structure

• quaternary structure

Multiple Choice

What is the name for a chain of amino acids?

• Polypeptide chain

• Triglycerides

• Polysaccharides

• Nucleotides

Multiple Choice

What are the building blocks of lipids?

• Monosaccharides

• Amino Acids

• Fatty Acids

• Nucleotides

Multiple Choice

One of the biological functions of lipids is it enhances signaling in the body. What body systems is responsible for sending messages and signals all throughout the body?

• Circulatory System

• Muscular System

• Nervous System

• Integumentary System

Multiple Choice

Which part of the cell produce proteins?

• mitochondria

• ribosome

• nucleus

• vacuole

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a source of saturated fat?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a source of unsaturated fat?

Multiple Choice

What type of lipid makes up the plasma membrane of the cell?

• Steroid

• Wax

• Phospholipid

• Cortisol

Multiple Choice

This are fatty deposits/ build up in your arteries that causes atherosclerosis. These deposits are made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin (a clotting material in the blood). As it builds up, the wall of the blood vessel thickens.

• Flake

• Plaque

• Cavity

• Lump

Multiple Choice

What are the components of a nucleotide?

• nitrogen base, phosphate group, and sugar

• pentose sugar, purine, and pyrimidine

• nitrogen base and a phosphate group

• DNA, phosphate group, monosaccharide

Multiple Choice

RNA contains the sugar ______.

• Deoxyribose

• Glucose

• Ribose

• Lipids

Multiple Choice

DNA contains the sugar _______________.

• deoxyribose

• fructose

• ribose

• sucrose

Multiple Choice

One prominent feature of DNA is its ______________ -helix structure.

• single

• double

• triple

• none

Multiple Choice

Biomolecules containing the genetic code for heredity.

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

Multiple Choice

The monomers of nucleic acids.

• Monosaccharide

• Amino Acid

• Fatty Acid

• Nucleotide

Multiple Choice

What is the function of ATP in living things?

• provides energy for cells
• stores genetic information
• provides structure in the nucleus

Poll

How confident are you about your understanding of today’s topic?

• NOT CONFIDENT

• SOMEWHAT CONFIDENT

• CONFIDENT