Lesson 3 & 4: Big Business & The Rise of the Labor Movement

Open Ended

How did late-19th-century industrial growth shape the strategies of modern companies?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the concept of laissez-faire as it relates to business growth in the late 19th century?

• Government sets strict regulations on prices and wages.

• Owners are free to set prices and wages with minimal regulation.

• Workers collectively decide on prices and wages.

• Foreign companies control domestic markets.

Multiple Choice

Which concept was used to justify little or no regulation in the economy, leading to vast wealth for some and criticism for its moral costs?

• Social Darwinism

• Philanthropy

• Monopoly

• Horizontal integration

Multiple Select

Which of the following strategies were used by Carnegie in the steel industry?

• Maximizing efficiency

• Vertical integration

• Horizontal integration

• Trusts

Open Ended

How did the dominance of monopolies affect consumers and workers in the market?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the mixed legacy of the tycoons during the industrial era?

• They were seen as both 'Captains of Industry' and 'Robber Barons'.

• They only focused on philanthropy.

• They were universally admired for their business tactics.

• They avoided labor exploitation.

Multiple Choice

What was one major limitation of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) in regulating monopolies?

• It used vague terms that made enforcement weak.

• It banned all forms of business consolidation.

• It only applied to manufacturing.

• It was never enforced at all.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was NOT a reason why the business boom bypassed the South after the Civil War?

• Post-war poverty and little capital

• Northern control of railroads

• Abundance of skilled workers

• High transport costs/tariffs

Open Ended

How did modern corporate practices such as mergers and antitrust debates from the late 19th century shape U.S. attitudes toward competition and regulation today?

Open Ended

In what ways did late-19th-century labor struggles influence modern labor rights and government intervention in labor-management conflicts?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following working conditions contributed to the rise of labor organizing in the late 19th century?

• Short workdays and high pay

• High injury/death rates and child labor

• Generous vacation and sick leave

• Equal pay for men and women

Multiple Select

Which of the following were goals or tactics of early labor unions such as the National Labor Union and Knights of Labor?

• Winning the 8-hour workday

• Supporting child labor

• Equal pay for all workers

• Favoring arbitration over strikes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the main difference between craft unionism and industrial unionism?

• Craft unionism focused on skilled workers, while industrial unionism included all workers in an industry.

• Craft unionism included both skilled and unskilled workers, while industrial unionism only included skilled workers.

• Craft unionism was led by Eugene V. Debs, while industrial unionism was led by Samuel Gompers.

• Industrial unionism relied on contracts, while craft unionism relied on strikes.

Multiple Select

Which of the following were characteristics of the IWW ('Wobblies') as described in the slides?

• Organized unskilled laborers

• Welcomed Black workers

• Had a major win in 1912

• Membership exceeded 1 million

Multiple Choice

Which of the following reforms was a direct result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire of 1911?

• Federal minimum wage laws

• NY state reforms on factory safety

• The end of convict leasing in Tennessee

• The formation of the AFL

Open Ended

Explain how women contributed to the labor movement in the early 20th century, citing at least two examples from the slides.

Multiple Choice

What was a common government or management response to major strikes in the late 19th century?

• Offering higher wages to workers

• Using federal troops or injunctions to end strikes

• Granting immediate union recognition

• Passing laws to support labor unions

Open Ended

Reflecting on today's lesson about big business and industrial growth, what is one question you still have or something you would like to learn more about regarding the rise of big business in the late 19th century?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following factors contributed to a favorable climate for industrial growth in the late 19th century United States?

• Strict government regulation of businesses

• Free enterprise and laissez-faire policies

• Lack of government support for railroads

• Discouragement of entrepreneurship