11/3 Covalent Bonding I Slides

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

• A bond between a metal and a nonmetal

• A bond between two nonmetals involving sharing of electrons

• A bond formed by the transfer of electrons

• A bond found only in ionic compounds

Open Ended

Why is the concept of covalent bonding important in understanding how molecules are formed?

Fill in the Blanks

A

is a neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about intermolecular and intramolecular forces are correct?

• Intramolecular forces occur between atoms within a molecule.

• Intermolecular forces occur between molecules.

• Intramolecular forces are much stronger than intermolecular forces.

• Intermolecular forces are discussed in ionic bonding.

Open Ended

Explain how the balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms leads to the formation of a covalent bond.

Multiple Choice

According to the figure, what happens to the potential energy of atoms as they form a hydrogen-hydrogen bond?

• It decreases, leading to greater stability.

• It increases, making the atoms less stable.

• It remains constant.

• It fluctuates randomly.

Open Ended

Describe what happens to the energy state of atoms if they are either too close together or too far apart, according to the graph shown.

Open Ended

Explain why forming a covalent bond releases energy, while breaking a covalent bond requires energy.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pairs of bonds requires the most energy to break?

• H–H

• C≡C

• N≡N

• Cl–Cl

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the relationship between bond length and bond energy in covalent bonds, as shown in the diagrams and data?

• Shorter bond length corresponds to higher bond energy.

• Longer bond length corresponds to higher bond energy.

• Bond length and bond energy are not related.

• Shorter bond length corresponds to lower bond energy.

Fill in the Blanks

Covalent compounds form bonds by sharing electrons so that each atom has an outer energy level with

electrons.

Open Ended

How do shared electrons contribute to the stability of covalent compounds according to the octet rule?

Fill in the Blanks

Each oxygen atom in an O2 molecule has

valence electrons before bonding.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best explains why nitrogen gas (N2) is stable according to the octet rule?

• Each nitrogen atom shares three pairs of electrons, achieving an octet.

• Each nitrogen atom has only five valence electrons.

• Nitrogen atoms do not form bonds with each other.

• Nitrogen atoms have a full d-orbital.

Fill in the Blanks

List all the diatomic elements that are most stable in pairs and not found as single atoms in nature.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are exceptions to the octet rule?

• Hydrogen

• Boron

• Main-group elements in Periods 3 and below

• All of the above

Open Ended

Explain why covalent bonds typically form between nonmetals rather than metals.

Open Ended

How do covalent bonds differ from other types of chemical bonds you have learned about?

Multiple Choice

What is a covalent bond?

• A bond between a metal and a nonmetal

• A bond between two metals

• A bond between a nonmetal and a nonmetal

• A bond that involves the transfer of electrons