DNA Structure and Replication Notes

Multiple Choice

What type of bond connects the phosphate and the sugar in the backbone?

• Covalent Bond

• Hydrogen Bond

Multiple Select

What are the two types of nitrogen bases mentioned in the image?

• Purines

• Pyrimidines

• None of the above

• there is only one type of nitrogen base

Multiple Choice

What does it mean for DNA strands to be antiparallel?

• They run in the same direction

• They run in opposite directions

• They are identical

• They are complementary

Categorize

Options (6)

Has Deoxyribose Sugar

Has Ribose Sugar

Double Stranded

Single Stranded

Thymine as a base

Uracil as a base

Sort the properties by whether they apply to DNA or RNA

DNA

RNA

Multiple Select

What is the difference between a chromosome and a gene?

• A gene is a complete DNA strand.

• Agene is a specific segment of DNA that codes for a protein.

• A chromosome is a segment of RNA

• A chromosome is a structure containing many genes

Multiple Choice

The picture below shows an enzyme unwinding and unzipping DNA.

​

​What is the name of this enzyme?

• DNA Helicase

• DNA Ligase

• DNA polyermase

• RNA Polymerase

Multiple Choice

Figure 8.1 shows a single strand of DNA. Choose the nucleotides of the other DNA strand.

• GGTACGA

• CCGTACT

• GGCATGA

• TTACGTC

Multiple Select

What are the three main functions of DNA polymerase as described in the notes?

• Adds nucleotides to RNA primer

• Proofreads the strand

• Seals the gaps in DNA

• Makes RNA primers

• Replaces the RNA primer

Multiple Choice

Which letter in the picture below depicts the lagging strand in DNA replication?

• A

• C

• B

• None of the above

Categorize

Options (6)

DNA synthesis continuous

New strand synthesized towards replication fork

DNA synthesis discontinuous

New strand made away from the replication fork

New strand made in short segments called Okazaki fragments

Newly made DNA strand built 5' --> 3'

Organize these options into the right categories for the leading and lagging strand.

Leading Strand

Lagging Strand

Both

Multiple Choice

The picture below shows the steps of DNA replication beginning with step one and ending with step three.

​Because you are reusing the old, or parent, DNA strand DNA replication is said to be

• Semi- Conservative

• Semi-discontinuous

• Continuous

• Fully-Conserveative