Genetic Variation Slides 25/26

Multiple Choice

How does mitosis contribute to the growth and repair of an organism?

• Mitosis decreases cell number and prevents repair of damaged cells.
• Mitosis only occurs during the reproductive phase of an organism.
• Mitosis is responsible for the production of energy in cells.
• Mitosis contributes to growth by increasing cell number and to repair by replacing damaged cells.

Multiple Choice

Which process is responsible for producing identical somatic cells in the human body?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Fertilization

• Photosynthesis

Multiple Select

Select all statements that are true about gametes and fertilization in humans.

• Gametes are produced by meiosis.

• Fertilization results in a zygote.

• Gametes have the same number of chromosomes as somatic cells.

• A zygote has half the number of chromosomes as a gamete.

Multiple Choice

Why do sex cells need to have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

• Sex cells need extra chromosomes to support embryo development.
• Sex cells require double the chromosomes for genetic diversity.
• Sex cells must have the same number of chromosomes as body cells.
• Sex cells need half the number of chromosomes to ensure the correct diploid number is restored upon fertilization.

Multiple Choice

Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?

• It produces genetically identical cells

• It allows for genetic variation in offspring

• It repairs damaged cells

• It helps in growth and repair

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a diploid cell?

• A cell with two sets of homologous chromosomes

• A cell with only one set of chromosomes

• A cell that is always a gamete

• A cell that cannot divide

Multiple Choice

What is the main difference between diploid and haploid cells?

• Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes, while haploid cells have one set

• Diploid cells are always gametes, while haploid cells are somatic cells

• Haploid cells have more chromosomes than diploid cells

• Diploid cells cannot undergo cell division

Multiple Select

Which haploid and diploid pair is correct?

• Haploid - 12

  Diploid - 12

• Egg (diploid) and embryo (diploid)

• Haploid - 12

  Diploid - 24

• Sperm (haploid) and zygote (diploid)

Multiple Choice

Does DNA replication occur before meiosis?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about crossing over are correct?

• It occurs during Prophase I of meiosis

• It results in new combinations of genes

• It happens between homologous chromosomes

• It produces identical chromatids

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of independent assortment during meiosis?

• It increases genetic variation

• It ensures chromosomes are identical

• It prevents crossing over

• It reduces the number of chromosomes

Multiple Choice

Which process during meiosis ensures that all four daughter cells are genetically unique compared to the parent cell and to each other?

• Chromosome reduction

• DNA replication

• Mitosis

• Cell growth

Multiple Select

Which of the following contribute to genetic variation during meiosis?

• Independent assortment

• Crossing over

• Chromosome reduction

• Random fertilization

Multiple Choice

Crossing Over, Independent Assortment, and chromosome reduction are three processes that happen during Meiosis I and II. What is the main outcome of these processes for the daughter cells?

• They are identical to the parent cell

• They are genetically unique

• They have fewer chromosomes than the parent cell

• They do not undergo fertilization

Open Ended

Describe how random fertilization increases genetic diversity in offspring.

Multiple Choice

Explain how random fertilization contributes to genetic variation in offspring.

• Random fertilization contributes to genetic variation by allowing the combination of different alleles from each parent, resulting in unique offspring.
• Random fertilization leads to identical offspring from both parents.
• Random fertilization eliminates genetic diversity among offspring.
• It ensures that all offspring inherit the same traits from one parent.

Multiple Choice

Reflecting on both meiosis and mitosis, what is one key difference in their outcomes?

• Mitosis results in three identical cells; meiosis results in one diverse gamete.
• Mitosis produces two diverse cells; meiosis produces four identical gametes.
• Mitosis creates four identical cells; meiosis creates two diverse gametes.
• Mitosis produces two identical cells; meiosis produces four diverse gametes.

Multiple Choice

How does meiosis contribute to genetic diversity in sexually reproducing organisms?

• By producing identical daughter cells

• By allowing crossing over and recombination

• By duplicating chromosomes without division

• By preventing chromosome pairing

Multiple Choice

If there were 6 chromosomes in the parent cell, how many would be in the daughter cells after mitosis and meiosis?

• 6 in both mitosis and meiosis

• 3 in mitosis, 6 in meiosis

• 6 in mitosis, 3 in meiosis

• 3 in both mitosis and meiosis