Revision: Sociology

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_______ is defined as all things learnt and shared by a society and transmitted from generation to generation through socialisation.

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______ are ideas or beliefs about general principles or goals (what is good or important in life; what to aim for).

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_____ are social rules, expectations or standards that direct the behaviour expected in particular situations.

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______ _______ is a way of ensuring that society’s members behave as others expect them to, using sanctions and rewards to influence behaviour.

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Different groups in society may have their own ___________ and these may vary significantly from the mainstream set of norms and values.

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The process of learning one’s culture and becoming accepted as a member of society is called ____________.

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________ status is based on fixed characteristics that we are born with and cannot normally change, such as our sex or ethnicity.

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________ status is gained through our own efforts, such as getting into university or being promoted at work.

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A ____ is a set of particular norms of behaviour expected from someone occupying a certain status in society.

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Social ________ refers to the traits and characteristics, social relations and roles that define who we are. It is the way we define ourselves and how others see us.

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According to the __________ approach, society shapes our behaviour through the process of socialisation.

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The Social action approach, including Interactionism, emphasises the power of individuals to create society through their actions and ____________.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are considered consensus perspectives? (select all the correct answers)

• Functionalism

• Postmodernism

• Feminism

• Interactionism

Multiple Select

Which of the following are considered conflict perspectives? (select all the correct answers)

• Functionalism

• Marxism

• Feminism

• Postmodernism

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According to functionalists, society is held together by a shared culture that creates a sense of ______ __________ or ‘fellow feeling’ with others.

Multiple Choice

Marxists see society as based on a _____ conflict.

• age

• gender

• social class

• ethnicity

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Marxists argue that all social institutions (family, education, the media) serve to maintain capitalism, by promoting the idea that __________ is inevitable and fair.

Multiple Choice

Feminists see society as based on a _____ conflict.

• age

• gender

• social class

• ethnicity

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Feminists see society and all social institutions as ___________ (male-dominated).

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Postmodernists argue that society is fragmented into different groups, based on social characteristics, and this _________ gives individuals more freedom to ‘pick and mix’ their identities.