Unit 3: Adult in Society Quizizz Lesson

The Adult in society
Unit 3 Lesson 4

Levinson's developmental stages

• Psychologist Daniel Levinson

  • Conducted in depth interviews of 40 men, 35-45 years of age

• Determined each man's life structure - combination of statuses, roles, activities, goals, values, beliefs, and life circumstances that characterize an individual

• Identified 3 basic eras of adulthood

  • Early adulthood

  • Middle Adulthood

  • Late adulthood

Adult male development

• Early Adult Transition - Ages 17-22

  • Most important task is leaving home, both physically and psychologically

• Entering the Adult World - Ages 23-27

  • Expected to explore a variety of relationships and career opportunities

  • Become a responsible member of society and form stable life structure

  • Development of a dream of adult accomplishment

Adult male development

• Age 30 Transition - Ages 28-32

  • Involves shifts in direction

  • Sound choices provide basis for future development

  • Divorces common as individuals examine commitments

• These first three phases are known as the novice phase collectively

  • Men preparing for entry into full adulthood

Adult male development

• Settling Down Period - Ages 33-39

  • Major task: "Making it" in the adult world

  • Individuals try and establish themselves in society, advance in occupation

  • Commit to things that are important

  • Begin conscious effort to form own identity

  • Separate oneself from mentor

Adult male development

• Midlife Transition - Ages 40 - 44

  • Question life structures

  • Escape pressure of unattainable dreams

  • Period of moderate to severe crisis

  • Many become a mentor during this phase

Reorder

Reorder the following

• Early Adult Transition

• Entering the Adult World

• Age 30 Transition

• Settling Down Period

• Midlife Transition

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Match

Match each description to the appropriate phase of adult male development

• Most important task is leaving home, physically and psychologically

• Explore relationships and career opportunities

• Evaluate one's choices, involves potential shifts in direction

• Adult establishes self in society, commit to things that are important, work to fulfill dreams

• Question life structures, accept some dreams are beyond fulfillment

Early Adult Transition

Entering the Adult World

Age 30 Transition

Settling Down Period

Midlife Transition

• Early Adult Transition

• Entering the Adult World

• Age 30 Transition

• Settling Down Period

• Midlife Transition

Adult Female Development

• Levinson claimed findings apply to women

• Repeated his life structure study with women, similar findings but...

  • Men and women differ greatly in terms of social roles and identities

• Irene Frieze and Esther Sales conducted further research and identified three phases in female development:

  • Leaving the family

  • Entering the adult world

  • Re-entering the adult world

Adult Female Development

• Leaving the Family

  • Physical and psychological break from family

  • Develop life plan - marriage vs. career

• Entering the Adult World

  • Most women marry and become mothers in 20s

  • Temporary break in employment

    • Dual roles (motherhood/career) add potential strain

  • About 79% of new mothers return to labor force before child reaches 1 year

Adult Female Development

• Re-entering the World of Work

  • Mothers return to labor force once children reach school age

  • Actively pursue/commit to career goals

    • Men are questioning career choices at this time

  • New data suggests Americans are delaying marriage or abstaining altogether

    • Has dropped more than 44%

    • Also delaying parenting

Dropdown

According to Levinson, men and women differ greatly in terms of ​

Select answer

roles and identities

Multiple Choice

Most women marry and become mothers in their:

• 20s

• Early 30s

• Late 30s

• 40s

The labor force

• Work - performing all of the tasks necessary to produce goods and provide services that meet human needs

  • Basis for the economy

  • Outlet for individual passion, source of self-esteem, avenue for personal achievement

• You typically spend about 47 years in the labor force - all individuals age 16 and older who are employed in paid positions or who are seeking paid employment

Labor composition

• Number of women growing. More than half with professional jobs

• Profession - high status occupation that requires specialized skills and knowledge obtained through formal education

  • Engineer, lawyer, TEACHER, dentist, etc

• Rise in minority workers as percentage of total labor force

  • Hispanics are fastest growing

• Higher level of education attained

  • 90% high school degree (1940 - 8th grade)

Unemployment

• When a person does not have a job but is actively seeking employment

  • Varies depending on age, gender, race, cultural background

• In the United States, an acceptable level of unemployment is typically about 5%

  • There will always be people seeking employment

  • Full employment - 95%

Multiple Choice

What is considered to be full employment?

• 5%

• 95%

• 100%

• 80%

Categorize

Options (6)

Teacher

Engineer

Lawyer

Food Service

Plumber

Sales Clerk

Sort the following:

Professional Job

Non-Professional Job

Changes in Late adulthood

• Improved healthcare -> Longer lifespans

• People 65+ are fastest growing population

• Gerontology - scientific study of the processes and phenomena of aging

• Social Gerontology - study of nonphysical aspects of aging process

• Three basic age groups in gerontology

  • Young-old: 65 - 74

  • Middle-old: 75 - 84

  • Old-old: 85 and older

Changes in Late adulthood

Young-Old

• Age Range: 65-74

• Population: 19,352,149

• Percentage: 6.4%

• Major Concerns:

  • Adjustment to retirement

  • Maintaining social networks

  • Pursuing new opportunities

  • Positive mental health

Middle-Old

• Age Range: 75-84

• Population: 13,023,511

• Percentage: 4.3%

• Major Concerns:

  • Physical health

  • Mental functioning

  • Dependency

  • Death issues

Old-old

• Age Range: 85+

• Population: 5,512,298

• Percentage: 1.8%

• Major Concerns:

  • Physical health

  • Mental functioning

  • Dependency

  • Death issues

adjustment to retirement

• People have difficulty adjusting to retirement, especially for those who strongly identify with their job

  • Level of adjustment reflects a person's earlier attitudes and behaviors

  • People who are happy and well adjusted in working life tend to enjoy retirement

• Income, health, social networks, and identify also affect adjustment to retirement

Physical and Mental Functioning

• Studies suggest that most elderly people retain intellectual abilities throughout life

• Intelligence, learning, and memory often decline with aging but not as much as previously thought

  • Some aspects of intelligence/learning improve

    • Vocabulary increases

• For some, age is marked by mental decline, or dementia - most common form is Alzheimer's disease (about 13%)

Dependency and Death

• Dependency - shift from being an independent adult to being dependent on others for physical or financial assistance

• Necessitates new roles/behaviors

  • Child takes over role of caregiver/authority figure

  • Can strain parent-child relationship

• Elderly people don't appear to fear death as much as dependency

  • Fewer prospects for the future

  • Less to lose

Multiple Select

What age group(s) in gerontology are associated with concerns over physical health, mental functioning, dependency, and death

• Young-old

• Middle-Old

• Old-old

Multiple Choice

The percentage of Americans 65 and older is:

• Increasing

• Decreasing

• Relatively Constant

Multiple Choice

As elderly individuals become dependent, who most typically takes over the role of caregiver/authority figure

• Offspring

• Sibling

• Spouse

• Extended Family