PARASITOLOGY

Multiple Choice

Which of the protozoans use the sand-fly as an intermediate host?

• leishmania

• trichomonas vaginalis

• giardia lamblia

• plasmodium

Multiple Choice

What is the total number of multiple choice questions in this examination?

• 30

• 40

• 50

• 60

Multiple Choice

Trypanosome gambiense and T. rhodesiense differ in all, but one of the following, which is the exception?

• Clinical picture

• Response to therapeutic drugs

• Geographical distribution

• Reservoir hosts

• Morphology

Multiple Choice

Visceral leishmaniasis is typically caused by:

• L.donovani and L.tropica

• L.tropica and L.chagasi

• L.chagasi and L. major

• L. major and L. donovani

• L. infantum and L. donovani

Multiple Choice

Toxoplasma gondii is transmitted to humans by:

• Ingestion of soil contaminated by oocyst from cats

• Ingestion of cysts in undercooked meat

• Congenital transmission from mother with acute toxoplasmosis

• Organ transplant and blood transfusion (from infected donor)

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Trypanosomiasis is usually diagnosed by:

• Examining the faces for motile Trypanosoma

• Examining the blood for motile Trypanasoma

• Serological tests

• Both B and C

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about Entamoeba histolytica is NOT true?

• Mature cysts are quadrinucleate

• Cysts are less than 10 micra in diameter

• Trophozoites are invasive

• Chromatoid bodies are present in cysts

Multiple Choice

Infection of kala-azar chiefly is caused by:

• Direct contact with patients

• Inhalation of causative agents

• Transfusion of infective blood

• Biting of infective vector sandflies

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

The following are the examples of vectors, except…

• cockroach.

• butterfly.

• mosquitoes.

• flies.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a vector of a disease? 

• ticks
• mosquitos
• rats
• viruses

Multiple Choice

Of the 6 common diseases vectored by the female mosquito, which of the disease(s) below is considered a living organism (biotic)?

• Malaria Protozoa

• Yellow Fever Virus

• West Nile Virus

• Zika Virus

• Dengue Virus

Multiple Choice

Glosina palpalis feeds primarily on ___

• Man

• Antelope

• Birds

• Reptiles

• Cattle

Multiple Choice

The following occur in chagas disease except:

• Calabar swelling

• Lymphadenopathy

• Meningoencephalitis

• Periorbital odema (Romana's sign)

• Megaoesophagus

Multiple Choice

The process of gametocytogony takes about _____ in Plasmodium vivax

• 2-4 days

• 10-11 days

• 5 days

• 7 days

• 8-9 days

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would not be recommended for control of malaria in rural Tanzania?

• Residual spraying

• Larviciding

• Use of mosquito nets

• Use of appropriate larvivorous fishes

• Prompt treatment with antimalarial drugs

Multiple Choice

Regarding the Reduviid stages in life cycle of American Trypanosomiasis which one is true?

• Ingested trypomastigotes transform into the epimastigotes in vectors midgut

• When a bug takes a blood meal in infected human it ingests the Amastigotes

• The parasites multiply and differentiate in vectors salivary glands

• In the vectors midgut parasite usually transform into procyclic trypomastigotes

• Amastigotes usually transform into promastigotes in the vectors gut

Multiple Choice

What are the locomotive structures used by Trypanosomes?

• Pseudopodia

• Flagella

• Cilia

• Apical complex

• Cytoplasmic streaming

Multiple Choice

Which animal is currently used in the xenodiagnoses of American trypanosomisis?

• Infected Human

• Uninfected Human

• T. cruzi free of Kissing bug

• T. cruzi infected with Kissing bug

• Armadillo

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about Trypomastigotes of T. cruzi is NOT true?

• They divide rapidly and do not disseminate to tissue cells

• They have Undulating membrane, anterior flagellum, and posterior location of the Kinetoplast relative to the nucleus

• They are indistinguishable from Trypomastigotes of T. brucei

• Their Kinetoplast is large and located in posterior location and the characteristic C shape of cells

Multiple Choice

Which one is not true regarding Chaga's diseases?

• Congenital transmission is possible

• Transmission occurs when Amastigotes are rubbed into the puncture wound made by the Triatomine bug

• Chronic disease is characterized by mega syndromes

• Transmission by laboratory accidents may rarely occur

• The disease is zoonotic

Multiple Choice

Regarding the morphology of Leishmania, which one is correct?

• The parasite exist in 3 forms

• Flagellated amastigotes exist within intestinal tract of the insect vector

• Intracellular amastigotes exist within mononuclear phagocytic cells

• Amastigotes are long slender with nucleus, kinetoplast and long free anterior flagella

• Promastigotes are oval with nucleus, kinetoplast and internal flagellum

Multiple Choice

Species that are found in old world are: a) L. major, L. tropica and L. donovani b) L. major, L. brasiliensis and L. infantum c) L. tropica, L. amazonensis and L. donovani d) L. infantum, L. Mexicana and L. brasiliensis e) L. brasiliensis, L. Mexicana and L. amazonensis

• L. major, L. tropica and L. donovani

• L. major, L. brasiliensis and L. infantum

• L. tropica, L. amazonensis and L. donovani

• L. infantum, L. Mexicana and L. brasiliensis

Multiple Choice

Sandflies of which genera are responsible for new world Leishmaniasis?

• Lutzomyia

• Phlebotomus

• Sergentomyis

• Nyssomyia

• Leismanus

Multiple Choice

Regarding Visceral Leishmaniasis, which one is not true?

• It is also known Kala -azar

• It is characterized by irregular bouts of fever, weight loss, enlargement of liver and spleen

• It occurs mostly in East Africa, India and Brazil

• The main species responsible for this disease in East Africa are L. tropica and L. chagas

• Poverty is among the main risk factors

Multiple Choice

Which one is not true regarding sandfly lifecycle?

• Larvae are mainly scavengers, feeding on organic matter such as fungi, decaying forest leaves

• Eggs are not laid in water and are able to resist desiccation

• 4 larval instars

• Mature larvae have the matchstick hairs

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about Reduviid bugs is NOT true?

• They are blood sucking bugs

• They are responsible for Chagas disease

• They lack proboscis

• They have prominent dark colored eyes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following lives in the upper part of the small intestine?

• Trichomonas vaginalis

• Balanidium coli

• Entamoeba histolytica

• Trichomonas hominis

• Giardia lamblia

Multiple Choice

Which one is true regarding Schizonts of P. falciparum?

• Each schizonts produce 6 to 32 merozoites

• Forms 6 to 12 merozoites

• Hemozoin pigment is much more conspicuous

• Infected erythrocytes are enlarged

• Schizonts fill up the RBC

Multiple Choice

What is the first line drug for treatment of Uncomplicated malaria?

• Quinine

• Artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT)

• 4- aminoquinolones

• Arylaminoalcohol

• None of the above

Poll

How confident do you feel about this topic now?

• Very confident
• Somewhat confident
• Not confident