Echinodermata

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of echinoderms?

• Highly developed nervous system

• Body wall contains an endoskeleton of calcareous plates

• Presence of jointed appendages

• Internal fertilization

Open Ended

Explain the importance of the water vascular system in echinoderms.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about echinoderm reproduction is/are correct?

• Sexes are separate

• Gametes are shed into the water

• Fertilization is internal

• Fertilization is external

Open Ended

List the four main classes of echinoderms mentioned in the diversity slide.

Multiple Choice

Which structure is responsible for extending the podia in starfish?

• Ampulla

• Radial canal

• Sucker

• Longitudinal muscles

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of papulae in the body structure of a sea star?

• Gas exchange

• Excretion

• Movement

• Protection

Multiple Select

Which features distinguish members of Class Echinoidea from starfish?

• Lack arms

• Body enclosed in a shell

• Moveable spines

• Presence of tube feet

Open Ended

Describe how the spines and tube feet work together to aid in locomotion and protection in sea urchins.

Multiple Choice

Which structure in sea urchins is responsible for their ability to scrape algae off rocks?

• Aristotle's lantern

• Respiratory tree

• Tentacles

• Cloaca

Open Ended

Describe the process of reproduction in sea urchins and sand dollars, highlighting the differences in larval development among species.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of the class Holothuroidea?

• Lack arms

• Have a hard exoskeleton

• Oral-aboral axis is greatly extended

• Some species crawl using podia

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about sea cucumbers is true?

• They have a muscular cloaca used partly in gas exchange.

• They possess arms for locomotion.

• Their endoskeleton is highly developed and rigid.

• They use respiratory trees for gas exchange.

Match

Match the following organisms to the Class they belong to.

• sea star

• sea urchin

• sea cucumber

• brittle star

Asteroidea

Echinoidea

Holothuroidea

Ophiuroidea

• Asteroidea

• Echinoidea

• Holothuroidea

• Ophiuroidea

Open Ended

Explain how sea cucumbers use their sticky glue as a defense mechanism and how this property has been utilized by humans.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the crinoid body is attached to the substrate by means of a bendable stalk?

• Oral surface

• Aboral surface

• Calyx

• Arm

Open Ended

Explain how the structure of crinoid arms and pinnules aids in their feeding process.

Multiple Select

Select all statements that correctly describe the stalk of crinoids.

• It grows out of the aboral surface.

• It is always absent in living crinoids.

• It may reach up to 1 metre in deep-sea species.

• It is often lined by small cirri.

Match

Match the defense mechanism with the correct echinoderm.

• spines

• thick skin

• expel internal organs

• detach arms

sea urchin

sea star

sea cucumber

brittle star

• sea urchin

• sea star

• sea cucumber

• brittle star

Open Ended

How does the process of metamorphosis in echinodermata larvae affect their symmetry as adults?