New France

Multiple Choice

What were some of the major achievements of Samuel de Champlain in the founding and development of New France?

• He founded Quebec City and created accurate maps of eastern Canada.

• He led the British army against the French.

• He discovered gold in North America.

• He was the first European to reach the Pacific Ocean.

Multiple Choice

Why was the location of Quebec important for the French colony of New France?

• It was easy to defend and ideal for controlling fur trade.

• It was close to the Atlantic Ocean for fishing.

• It had gold mines nearby.

• It was the warmest region in Canada.

Multiple Choice

How do you think alliances with Indigenous peoples, such as the Huron-Wendat, Algonquin, and Innu, contributed to the survival and growth of New France?

• Alliances were primarily focused on cultural exchanges and festivals.
• Indigenous peoples resisted French influence and hindered growth.
• Trade with Indigenous peoples was limited to local goods only.
• Alliances with Indigenous peoples contributed to the survival and growth of New France by providing essential knowledge, facilitating trade, and offering military support.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following items did the French bring to trade with Indigenous peoples during the fur trade in New France?

• Beaver pelts

• Metal tools (Guns, Steel Knives, Axe Heads, Pots & Pans)

• Otter furs

• Birchbark canoes

Fill in the Blank

The "Runners of the Woods" in French is what?

Multiple Select

Which of the following were actions taken by the coureurs des bois? Select all that apply.

• Traded goods for furs

• Learned Indigenous languages

• Built log homes

• Married Indigenous women

Open Ended

Explain how the relationship between the French and Indigenous peoples influenced the fur trade in New France.

Fill in the Blank

Children of the Coureurs de Bois and First nations women are called ?

​The Seigneurial System

​The Seigneurial System was a way of sharing land in New France. The King of France gave large pieces of land to seigneurs, who were landowners. The seigneurs then divided the land into long, narrow farms and rented them to farmers called habitants. The land was divided into long, narrow strips. Everyone on this land was guaranteed access to the river. Habitants paid rent and helped with jobs like building roads and mills. In return, they got land to farm and a place to live. This system helped people settle along the St. Lawrence River and grow food for the colony.

Power Structure in New France (Who Was in Charge)

• King of France King Louis XIV (Louis the 14th) – had the most power and owned all the land.

• Governor – was in charge of the army and defence.

• Intendant – was in charge of money, laws, and daily life.

• Bishop – led the Catholic Church and had a lot of influence.

• Seigneurs – owned large pieces of land and rented it to farmers.

• Habitants – farmers who worked the land.

• Indigenous Peoples – important allies in trade and survival, but had the least power in the government.

Fill in the Blank

The system based on nobles renting land to farmers was called?

Fill in the Blank

The seigneurial system in New France divided land into long, narrow strips so that everyone had access to the ___.

​Work and Daily Jobs

• Most were farmers.

• They grew:

  • Wheat

  • Corn

  • Vegetables

• They raised animals like cows, chickens, and pigs.

• Men worked in the fields and built things.

• Women cooked, made clothes, cared for children, and gardened.

• Children helped with chores and farm work.

Who Were the Habitants?

• Habitants were farmers who lived in New France.

• Most lived along the St. Lawrence River.

• They worked hard to grow food and support their families.

​Clothing

• Clothes were made at home from wool or animal skins.

• Winter clothing was thick and warm.

• Everyone dressed for hard work and cold weather.

  Food

  • Meals were simple and made from what they grew.

  • Common foods:

    • Bread

    • Soup

    • Vegetables

    • Meat

  • Food was often saved for the winter.

Habitants

​Religion and Community Life

• The Catholic Church was very important.

• Families went to church every week.

• People celebrated religious holidays together.

• Neighbours helped each other with big jobs like building and harvesting.

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Fun and Free Time

• Played games, told stories, sang, and danced.

• Social events usually happened after church or during holidays.

Habitants

​Les Filles du Roi ("King's Daughters")
Between 1663 and 1673, King Louis XIV sent about 850 young women to New France. These women were called the Filles du Roi, which means “Daughters of the King.” They came to marry settlers and start families. This helped the colony grow its population and become stronger.

Fill in the Blank

Peasant Farmers in New France were called ?

Multiple Choice

Women sent by the King of France to help populate the country were called what?

• Orphans of the King

• Girls of the King

• The King's Daughters- Les Fils de Rois

​The Role of the Catholic Church in New France

• The Church was very important and had a lot of power in the community.

• Priests and nuns taught people about the Catholic religion.

• Missionaries tried to teach Indigenous peoples about Christianity.

• The Church started schools to teach children.

• Nuns and priests helped run hospitals.

• The Church built churches where people prayed and went to Mass.

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​The Catholic Church

How the Church Affected Daily Life

• People went to church often and followed church rules.

• Religious holidays and celebrations were a big part of life.

• Many kids went to schools run by the Church.

• If someone got sick, they were usually cared for in a Church-run hospital.

• The Church wrote down important events like births, marriages, and deaths.

• Priests and nuns helped guide people on how to behave and make good choices.

Multiple Choice

Most residents of New France were what religion?

• Protestant

• Catholic

• Jewish

• Muslim

Multiple Choice

Describe the role of the Catholic Church in New France and how it impacted daily life.

• Daily life was unaffected by religious practices or beliefs.
• The Church primarily focused on political power and land ownership.
• The Catholic Church was integral to daily life in New France, influencing education, social services, and moral values.
• The Catholic Church had no influence on education or social life.

Fill in the Blank

What is the name of the Church member who were sent into an ares to promote their Religion?

Multiple Select

What were two major outcomes of the Treaty of Paris 1763 for New France?

• France gained more land in North America

• Britain gained control of Canada

• French culture disappeared

• French culture survived

That's all folks! Au revoir !