chapter 30 Evolution 2

Open Ended

Why is the study of evolution important in understanding the diversity of life on Earth?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the process of speciation?

• The formation of new species through genetic isolation

• The adaptation of organisms to their environment

• The extinction of species due to environmental changes

• The migration of species to new habitats

Multiple Select

Which of the following are true about the giraffe as shown in the images?

• It is the tallest living land animal.

• Its ancestor was short-necked.

• It evolved through natural selection.

• It is a type of bird.

Multiple Choice

What evidence suggests that the giraffe evolved from a short-necked ancestor?

• Fossil records show changes in neck length over time.

• Giraffes were always long-necked.

• DNA evidence shows no change in giraffes.

• Giraffes evolved from birds.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about Charles Darwin's idea is correct?

• It is widely accepted today.

• It was rejected by scientists.

• It only applies to plants.

• It was proposed before Lamarck's theory.

Open Ended

Compare the hypotheses proposed by Jean Baptiste Lamarck and Charles Darwin to explain how evolution occurs.

Open Ended

How did Darwin explain the evolution of the giraffe from its short-necked ancestor?

Fill in the Blank

According to Darwin, the evolution of the giraffe's long neck occurred due to ___ selection.

Open Ended

Why is Lamarck’s hypothesis not accepted by scientists?

Multiple Choice

Which scientist proposed the theory of natural selection, and why is it widely accepted today?

• Jean Baptiste Lamarck; because it explains inheritance of acquired traits

• Charles Darwin; because it is supported by evidence and accepted by most scientists

• Georges Cuvier; because it explains extinction and appearance of new species

• Erasmus Darwin; because all species arise from a single source

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about evolutionary thoughts before Darwin are correct?

• Species are fixed in their forms.

• Species change as they migrate from their places of origin.

• All species arise from a single source.

• Evolution occurs by natural selection.

Fill in the Blank

Evolution occurs by the inheritance of acquired characters according to ___ .

Multiple Choice

Who proposed the concept of Lamarckism and in which year was it introduced?

• Charles Darwin, 1858

• Jean Baptiste Lamarck, 1809

• Georges Cuvier, 1812

• Erasmus Darwin, 1794

Multiple Choice

According to Lamarckism, what causes organisms to modify their structures?

• Environmental changes create needs

• Random mutations

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

Multiple Choice

In Lamarck's theory, what happens to a structure that is not used repeatedly?

• It degenerates

• It becomes stronger

• It is passed on to offspring

• It mutates

Fill in the Blank

According to Lamarckism, acquired characters are ___ to offspring.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are key ideas in Lamarck's theory?

• Structures used repeatedly become well developed

• Acquired characters are passed on to offspring

• Structures not used degenerate

• Traits are only inherited from parents through genes

Multiple Choice

What environmental factor led giraffes to stretch their necks according to Lamarckism?

• No grass available

• Presence of predators

• Competition with other animals

• Climate change

Open Ended

Explain how Lamarckism accounts for the evolution of long necks in giraffes, using the information from the diagrams.

Fill in the Blank

Lamarck's theory suggested that giraffes' necks became ___ due to the accumulated effect of stretching.

Multiple Choice

According to Lamarckism, how did giraffes develop long necks over many generations?

• By natural selection favoring long-necked giraffes

• By accumulated effect of continued stretching

• By random mutation

• By migration to new environments

Fill in the Blank

What was the main conclusion of August Weismann's experiments with mice?

Multiple Choice

How did August Weismann's experiments challenge the theory of Lamarckism?

• They showed that acquired traits could be inherited

• They showed that cutting tails did not affect offspring

• They proved that environment has no effect on evolution

• They demonstrated that all traits are genetic

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are correct about Lamarckism and its impact on evolutionary theory?

• Lamarckism proposed that acquired traits are inherited

• Weismann's experiments supported Lamarckism

• Lamarck's ideas influenced Darwin's theory

• Acquired characters could not be passed to offspring

Open Ended

Explain how Lamarck's theory of evolution differs from Darwin's theory.

Fill in the Blank

The long neck of a giraffe is an example of ___ in evolution.

Open Ended

What questions do you still have about the mechanisms of evolution or speciation after today's lesson?