DNA-get to know DNA

Open Ended

Why is understanding the structure of DNA important for studying genetics and heredity?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the primary function of DNA in living organisms?

• To store genetic information

• To provide energy for cellular processes

• To transport oxygen in the blood

• To break down nutrients

Fill in the Blank

DNA is a molecule that carries ___ information in living organisms. (hint: the word is related to genes)

Multiple Select

Which scientists contributed to the discovery of the DNA double helix structure?

(select TWO answers)

• James Watson and Francis Crick

• Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel

• Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

In 1952 Rosalind Franklin took the x-ray photograph shown below, which gave the world its first look at DNA. By studying this photograph, scientists gained knowledge about the —

• role of DNA in protein synthesis
• mutation of nucleotide sequences in DNA
• sequence of DNA that makes up the human genome
• double-helix structure of DNA

Labelling

Label the nucleotide

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Phosphate

Sugar

Nitrogenous base

Hotspot

Select ALL the Phosphate Group

Hotspot

Select ALL the NITROGEN BASES in the picture (4 total)

Hotspot

Which arrow is pointing to the sugar?

​​Apples grow on Trees

​​Cars are parked in the Garrage

Match

Match the following BASES

• A

• G

• T

• C

T

C

A

C

• T

• C

• A

• C

Multiple Choice

What are the 4 nitrogen bases?

• adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
• adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
• adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose

Multiple Choice

In DNA, Guanine bonds with ______________.

• Guanine

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

Multiple Choice

In DNA, Adenine bonds with ______________.

• Guanine

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

Multiple Choice

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG

• ATG TGA CAG
• TAC ACT GTC
• GTA AGT GAC
• CAT TCA CTG

Multiple Choice

How many strands is DNA made out of?

• 1
• 2
• 4
• billions

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a component (part) of a DNA nucleotide?

• Phosphate group

• Nitrogen base

• Deoxyribose sugar

• Amino acid

Labelling

Label the DNA model

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Sugar Phosphate Backbone

Nucleotide

Nitrogen Base

Labelling

Using the labels, identify the parts of a DNA molecule.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Base pair

Sugar

Hydrogen bond

Phosphate

Nucleotide

Nitrogen Base

Open Ended

Explain the importance of nucleotide monomers in the structure of DNA.

Hotspot

Tap on the part of DNA that is the code for your traits

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of DNA in living organisms?

• To store genetic information

• To provide energy for cells

• To help in digestion

• To transport oxygen

Match

Match the following

• Phosphate

• Sugar

• Nitrogen base

• Hydrogen bond

Helps create the backbone of DNA

Connected to Phosphate and Nitrogen base

Creates "rungs" of DNA, can be adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine

Connects the two sides of DNA to each other

Nucleotide

• Helps create the backbone of DNA

• Connected to Phosphate and Nitrogen base

• Creates "rungs" of DNA, can be adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine

• Connects the two sides of DNA to each other

• Nucleotide

Multiple Select

Which of the following are correct base pairings in DNA?

• Adenine with Thymine

• Guanine with Cytosine

• Adenine with Cytosine

• Thymine with Guanine

Multiple Choice

Which four chemical units make up the genetic code in DNA?

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil

Open Ended

How does grouping letters into words help us understand the meaning of a DNA sequence?

Open Ended

Explain how the genetic code functions as a language for cells.

Fill in the Blank

Genes are segments of ___ located on chromosomes.

Open Ended

What traits do genes help determine in humans?

Open Ended

Describe the relationship between chromosomes, DNA, and genes.

Multiple Choice

Where are genes located within a cell?

• In the nucleus

• In the cytoplasm

• On the cell membrane

• In the mitochondria

Open Ended

Explain how the information in genes leads to the production of proteins in cells.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the role of amino acids in relation to DNA and proteins?

• Amino acids are coded by DNA and are the building blocks of proteins.

• Amino acids are the genetic material found in chromosomes.

• Amino acids form the backbone of DNA strands.

• Amino acids are responsible for storing genetic information.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are true about the sequence of DNA bases and traits?

• The order of DNA bases can determine specific traits.

• All DNA sequences code for the same traits.

• DNA base sequence has no effect on hair type.

• Traits are only determined by environmental factors.

Fill in the Blank

The genetic bases in DNA are grouped into sets of three (3) called ___ codons.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of triplet codons in DNA?

• They build amino acids, which are units of proteins.

• They create carbohydrates for energy.

• They store genetic information only.

• They form water molecules.

Open Ended

Explain how proteins and amino acids are related in the human body.

Fill in the Blank

Humans typically have ___ chromosomes, with 23 inherited from each parent.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of genes in humans? (Pick 2 answers)

• Building and maintaining the body

• Passing traits from parents to children

• Producing energy directly

• Regulating water levels

Open Ended

Reflecting on today's lesson, what is one characteristic of DNA that you found most interesting or surprising?