Convection Review

​Density

By Taylor Phillips

Density

The relationship between the amount of matter (mass) in a set space (volume).

Multiple Choice

What is density???

• the amount of mass in an object

• the amount of volume it takes up

• the amount of mass in a given volume

Hotspot

Which box is denser (more dense)?

Multiple Choice

Hot particles...

• are more dense and rise

• are less dense

  and rise

• are less dense

  and sink

• are more dense and rise

Multiple Choice

What decreases when temperature increases?

• mass

• volume

• density

MORE DENSE OBJECTS...

MORE DENSE OBJECTS...






SINK!

Multiple Choice

What happens to an object that is denser (more dense) than the liquid it is in?

• floats

• sinks

Multiple Choice

What happens to an object that is less dense than the liquid it is in?

• floats

• sinks

Multiple Choice

What happens to particles when temperature increases?

• They get further apart.

• They get closer together

• They stay the same.

Multiple Choice

What happens to particles when temperature decreases?

• The get further apart

• They get closer together

• They stay the same.

Multiple Choice

What increases when temperature decreases?

• mass

• volume

• density

Multiple Choice

What does cooler, denser material do?

• It floats or rises upward.
• It sinks or moves downward.
• It breaks apart into smaller pieces.
• It evaporates into the air.

Dropdown

Warm water is _​

Select answer

dense, so it ​

Select answer

Cool water is _​

Select answer

dense, so it​

Select answer

Multiple Choice

Convection happens in...

• solids

• liquids

• gases

• fluids

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

The best place to put a furnace is...

• in the basement because heat rises

• in the basement because heat sinks

• on the top floor because heat rises

• on the top floor because heat sinks

Multiple Choice

Cold air is _____ because the particles have_____

• more dense;

  more energy

• more dense;

  less energy

• less dense;

  less energy

• less dense;

  more energy

Multiple Choice

More dense particles are:

• heavier

• bigger

• farther apart

• closer together

Draw

Draw an example of convection. Use red and blue to show how the hot and cold material moves.

Multiple Choice

The movement of particles in a circle due to differences in density is called...

• radiation

• conduction

• convection

• currents

Models of Earth

Convection Currents

• Density - a measure of how much mass there is in a given volume

• Convection Current - the flow that transfers heat within a fluid

• Convection currents work by warmer, less dense, fluid rising and colder, more dense, fluid sinking

Convection Currents

• ***These 3 things set convection currents in motion***

• Heating and cooling of a fluid

• Changes in the fluid's density

• The force of gravity

​How does Convection Occur in Earth's Mantle

• The mantle and core of the Earth are extremely hot

  • Heat inside the Earth originated​ from gravitational energy and decay of radioactive elements

• Heat transfers from the mantle and core in different ways

Grade 8 Science Ohio | Lesson 5.1

​Convection Currents

Grade 8 Science Ohio | Lesson 5.1

Multiple Choice

What does a convection current transfer within a fluid?

• heat

• air

• water

• smoke

Multiple Select

Which Layers of the Earth experience Convection Currents? (Mark all correct answers)

• Crust

• Mantle

• Asthenosphere

• Inner Core

A Closer Look at Convection

convection currents

Eureka! Convection

CONVECTION

Energy can also be transferred through the movement
of gases or liquids. Convection is the process that
transfers energy by the movement of large numbers of
particles in the same direction within a liquid or gas.

As the kinetic energy
of particles increases,
the particles spread out.
An increased distance
between particles causes
a decrease in the density
of the substance.

CONVECTION

When looking at convection in liquids, warm water is less
dense than cold water, so the warm water is pushed
upward as cooler, denser water moves underneath.
When the warm water that has been pushed up cools,
its density increases. The
cycle continues when this
more dense water sinks, pushing
warmer water up again.

CONVECTION IN REAL LIFE

CONVECTION IN REAL LIFE

Which of

these have

you

experienced?

Multiple Choice

Heat flow (convection current) in the ocean and the atmosphere is...

• cool flows down - warm flows up

• cool flows up - warm flows down

• cool flows up - warm flows up

• cool flows down - warm flows down

Multiple Choice

Convection currents occur when ______________________ energy transfers between a fluid.

• potential

• kinetic

• thermal/heat

• electric

Multiple Choice

Where does the heat come from that drives this convection current in the mantle?

• the sun
• the core
• the ocean
• the mantle

Multiple Choice

Where is the temperature of the mantle material greater, at point A or point B?

• Point A because it is closer to the core.

• Point B because it is closes to the crust

Multiple Choice

What happens to the temperature and density of materials between point B and point C?

• material is getting colder and more dense

• material is getting hotter and less dense

Multiple Choice

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

When air is heated it becomes...

• More dense

• Less dense

• Heavier

• Moist

Multiple Choice

When air moves into the upper atmosphere it becomes...

• Cool and heavy

• Cool and light

• Warm and heavy

• Warm and light

Multiple Choice

What drives our Convection Currents and effects our Climate Zones on Earth?

• Mountains

• Moon

• Oceans

• Sun