Change Over Time Lesson

Multiple Choice

What is the process called by which a species gradually changes over time?

• Evolution

• Mutation

• Adaptation

• Extinction

Multiple Choice

What was the name of Darwin's ship?

• Indefatigable

• Bugle

• Sloop John B

• Beagle

Multiple Choice

Where did Charles Darwin go on his round-the-world voyage?

• Antarctica and the Arctic

• North America and Europe

• South America, Australia, and Africa

• Only around the British Isles

Multiple Choice

What organism did Darwin study at the Galapagos Island?

• Dogs

• Dragons

• Finches

• Tigers

Multiple Choice

What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?

• Their feathers 
• Genotypes 
• Their beaks
• Their body sizes

Multiple Select

According to Darwin's theory, which of the following statements are true?

(Select 2 answers)

• Populations have variations.

• All offspring survive to adulthood.

• Favorable traits are passed on to future generations.

• A population's gene pool remains unchanged over time.

Multiple Choice

Darwin noticed that the different islands all had their own slightly different varieties of animals.

What does this tell us about how species change to fit their environment?

• Species adapt to their environment over time.

• All species are identical regardless of location.

• Species do not change based on environment.

• Species migrate to environments that suit them.

Multiple Choice

According to Charles Darwin, which trait is most important for survival?

• Strength

• Intelligence

• Responsiveness to change

• Speed

• ​Mutation is a change in an organism's DNA.

• This occurs during DNA replication (when the DNA is being copied).

​

What is Mutation?

Multiple Choice

Any change in the sequence of DNA is...

• transgenic shift
• Single Genotype
• Monohybrid Trait
• Mutation

Multiple Choice

What is the primary cause of mutations?

• Errors that happen when DNA is copied

• Changes in an organism's diet

• An organism's choice to change its traits

• The process of a chromosome winding up

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about mutations is true?

• All mutations are harmful to organisms.

• Mutations can only improve an organism.

• Most mutations have no effect on organisms.

• Mutations cannot be passed down to the next generation.

Multiple Choice

What do hurtful mutations do? 

• Decrease chances of survival 
• Increases changes of survival 
• Decreases likelihood of developing cancer
• Decreases skills

Multiple Choice

What do helpful mutations do? 

• Increases chances of survival 
• Decreases changes of survival 
• Increases chances of developing cancer
• Decreases skills

Hotspot

Which moth would the bird catch very easily?

Open Ended

Which one will the bird catch?

How does the environment determine this?

1. ​Which one will the bird catch?

2. How does the environment determine this?

​​Questions

​The white moth is easy to see on the darker tree trunk and would be eaten by birds.

The dark moth is easy to see on the lighter tree trunk and would be eaten by birds.

​​Answer

Multiple Select

Which of the following are sources of genetic variation in a population?

(Select 2 answers)

• Sexual reproduction

• Mutations

• Environmental changes

• Natural selection

Multiple Choice

Which type of adaptation involves a physical feature that helps an organism survive?

• Behavioral

• Physiological

• Structural

• Environmental

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between adaptation and evolution?

• Adaptation is a long-term change in a population's traits, while evolution is a short-term change in individuals.

• Adaptation refers to helpful traits in individuals, while evolution refers to accumulated genetic changes in populations.

• Adaptation and evolution are both short-term changes in individuals.

• Adaptation and evolution are both caused by artificial selection.

Open Ended

Explain how adaptation and evolution are related, using the example of the fox and its fur.

​Explain how adaptation and evolution are related, using the example of the fox and its fur.

• Adaptation and evolution are connected because adaptations are the small changes that can lead to evolution over time.

• For example, in a cold environment, some foxes may be born with thicker fur than others. This thicker fur is an adaptation because it helps those foxes stay warm and survive winter. Since the foxes with thick fur are more likely to survive and have babies, they pass that trait on.

• Over many generations, more and more foxes in the population have thick fur. This long-term change in the population is evolution — it happened because the helpful adaptation (thick fur) became more common.

Multiple Choice

Which beetle color was selected against (did not survive) in the population over generations?

• Green

• Brown

• Red

• Yellow

Multiple Choice

Based on the beetle diagrams, what effect does the birds' preference for green beetles have on the beetle population over generations?

• The number of green beetles increases over time.

• The number of orange beetles increases over time.

• Both green and orange beetles remain equal in number.

• The beetle population goes extinct.

Multiple Choice

Based on the diagrams of mice and birds, what process is being illustrated that leads to changes in the population over generations?

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• Migration

• Artificial selection

Dropdown

In this example, the variation is the ​

Select answer

and the adaptation is the ​

Select answer

. This is because of the selecting agent, ​ the

Select answer

. Therefore, the ​ tan mice will be ​

Select answer

. On the other hand, the black mice will be ​

Select answer

Multiple Select

Based on the giraffe scenario, which factors contributed to the increase in long-necked giraffes?

• Environmental pressure from limited food

• Genetic variation in neck length

• Migration of giraffes

• Predation by lions

Dropdown

In this example, the variation is the ​

Select answer

and the adaptation is the ​

Select answer

. This is because of the selecting agent, ​ the

Select answer

. Therefore, the ​short neck giraffes will be ​

Select answer

. On the other hand, the long neck giraffes will be ​

Select answer

Multiple Choice

What is the environmental pressure that led to antibiotic resistance in bacteria?

• Use of antibiotics

• Increase in temperature

• Lack of nutrients

• Exposure to sunlight

Multiple Choice

How does natural selection explain the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a population?

• Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce, passing on resistance to offspring.

• All bacteria become resistant immediately after antibiotic use.

• Antibiotics cause bacteria to mutate and become resistant instantly.

• Non-resistant bacteria become resistant by learning from resistant ones.