Animal Systems Notes

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of homeostasis in the human body?

• Regulation of body temperature

• Growth of hair

• Digestion of food

• Movement of muscles

Open Ended

Explain how protein spikes on viruses contribute to the specificity of viral infections in different host cells.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are ways that viruses can spread from one host to another?

• Vectors such as mosquitoes

• Respiratory drops

• Direct contact with contaminated surfaces

• Sunlight exposure

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

• An epidemic is a widespread outbreak in a community, while a pandemic affects large areas and a significant proportion of a population.

• An epidemic affects animals, while a pandemic affects humans.

• A pandemic is always deadlier than an epidemic.

• An epidemic is caused by bacteria, while a pandemic is caused by viruses.

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of antiviral drugs?

• To kill bacteria

• To inhibit the ability of a virus to infect cells and reproduce within host cells

• To boost the immune system directly

• To mutate the virus

Fill in the Blank

Vaccines help the body develop ___ against specific pathogens.

Multiple Choice

Which structure is found in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Plasmid

• Lysosome

Multiple Choice

Which process results in genetically identical bacterial cells?

• Conjugation

• Binary fission

• Meiosis

• Mitosis

Open Ended

Explain the differences between the first, second, and third lines of defense in the immune system.

Fill in the Blank

The connective tissue that connects bones to muscles is called ___.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are types of muscle tissue found in the human body?

• Cardiac muscle

• Skeletal muscle

• Smooth muscle

• Epithelial muscle

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down starches into sugars in the digestive system?

• Pepsin

• Amylase

• Lipase

• Trypsin

Open Ended

Describe the role of accessory organs in the digestive system and give examples of these organs.

Open Ended

Compare the roles of arteries and veins in the circulatory system. How do their functions differ?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?

• Delivers food and oxygen to cells

• Removes carbon dioxide and waste products

• Produces hormones directly

• Delivers chemical messages

Multiple Choice

Which of the following structures is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs?

• Bronchi

• Alveoli

• Trachea

• Diaphragm

Fill in the Blank

The tube that connects the urinary bladder to the genitals for the removal of fluids out of the body is called the ___.

Multiple Select

Select all that are endocrine glands.

• Pituitary gland

• Sweat gland

• Thyroid

• Salivary gland

Open Ended

Explain how the nervous system transmits information throughout the body. Include the role of neurons in your answer.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the main goal of negative feedback in homeostasis?

• To bring the condition back to normal

• To amplify the change detected

• To keep conditions completely static

• To stop all physiological processes

Open Ended

How do the different levels of biological organization (cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms) work together to maintain the functions of an animal system?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following systems are involved in both gas exchange and transporting materials in the body?

• Respiratory system and Circulatory system

• Nervous system and Endocrine system

• Digestive system and Muscular system

• Integumentary system and Skeletal system