Year 12 PE - Chapter 5 (PART B)

Open Ended

Describe how gases move between the alveoli and capillaries during gaseous exchange.

Multiple Choice

Why is the process of gaseous exchange vital for the human body during exercise?

• It helps regulate body temperature

• It allows for the removal of waste products like carbon dioxide and intake of oxygen

• It increases muscle mass

• It decreases heart rate

Multiple Choice

Based on the graph, in which playing position does Asher spend a greater percentage of game time in low-intensity aerobic effort?

• Goalkeeper (GK)

• Centre (C)

• Both positions are equal

• Neither position

Open Ended

Select one of the acute respiratory responses from part a.i. and describe how it would assist Asher’s performance in the centre position.

Open Ended

What is the relationship between exercise intensity and heart rate response, and why is this relationship important for supplying oxygen to muscles during exercise?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about stroke volume and cardiac output is correct?

• Stroke volume increases indefinitely with exercise intensity.

• Cardiac output is the product of stroke volume and heart rate.

• The heart pumps less blood per beat as intensity increases.

• Stroke volume has no limit.

Multiple Choice

At what point does stroke volume (SV) plateau during increasing exercise intensity in untrained individuals, and why does this occur?

• Around 50% max HR, due to the left ventricle's finite capacity

• At maximal exercise, due to increased heart rate

• At rest, due to low blood pressure

• After 80% max HR, due to muscle fatigue

Open Ended

Explain why aerobically trained athletes have lower resting heart rates?

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about systolic and diastolic blood pressure during exercise is/are correct?

• Systolic blood pressure increases with exercise intensity.

• Diastolic blood pressure remains relatively constant during exercise.

• Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase equally during exercise.

• Systolic blood pressure decreases during exercise.

Open Ended

Describe how exercise intensity affects the arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vO2 diff) and explain why this change occurs.

Open Ended

Explain how the cardiovascular system redistributes blood flow during exercise and the role of the vascular shunt in this process.

Multiple Choice

During exercise, an individual's heart rate and the force of their heart's contractions are increased. As a result, there is

• no change in systolic blood pressure.

• a decrease in systolic blood pressure.

• an increase in systolic blood pressure.

• a large decrease in diastolic blood pressure.

Open Ended

Describe the changes that occur in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output as exercise intensity changes from submaximal to maximal.

Multiple Choice

What are the main factors that contribute to increased pulmonary diffusion during maximal exercise?

• Increased alveolar volume, greater capillary blood volume, increased alveolar-capillary surface area contact

• Decreased alveolar volume, reduced capillary blood volume, decreased alveolar-capillary surface area contact

• Increased oxygen concentration in the blood, decreased carbon dioxide concentration in the alveoli, reduced capillary wall thickness

• Decreased oxygen concentration in the alveoli, increased carbon dioxide concentration in the capillaries, reduced alveolar volume