Psychology Final Review

Which form of learning would be studied in a Skinner box?

• classical conditioning
• operant conditioning
• observational learning
• latent learning

Pavlov found that meat powder placed on a dog's tongue will make the dog salivate. In Pavlov's terms, the meat powder is

• unconditioned stimulus
• unconditioned response
• conditioned stimulus
• conditioned response

Damage this and you won't form new memories

• Hypothalamus
• Hippocampus
• Amygdala
• Thalamus

Behavior therapists emphasize which of the following in their treatment of clients?

• freedom of choice about their future
• uncovering of unconscious defense mechanisms
• responses that have been reinforced in the past
• repressed aggressive impulses

 Saying whatever comes to mind, even if it seems senseless, painful, or embarrassing, is part of the Freudian technique known as

• unconditional positive regard
• free association
• non-directive therapy
• transference

When everybody has an equal chance of being included in a study, this process is called

• unbiased reporting
• 
  survey
• random sample
• reliability

Consistently, we find low self-esteem is often related with high levels of depression.  This means

• 
  low self-esteem causes depression
• 
  depression causes low self-esteem
• 
  low self-esteem and depression are caused by a third factor
• 
  they are correlated but this does  not prove causation

In order to prove a cause-and-effect relationship, we must use

• naturalistic observation.
  
• the experimental method
• human subjects
• correlation coefficients

Neither the researcher nor the subjects knew whether or not they received the drug studied or a placebo.  This is an example of

• expectancy effects
• 
  pacebo effects
• double blind
• nothing.  It would be ridiculous

Dr. Schulte wants to investigate if aggressive behavior in children is increased if they view violent videos.  In this instance, the dependent variable is

• 
  violent videos
• 
  aggressive behavior
• 
  a placebo
• 
  the control condition