Psychology Intro

Which of the following best describes the impact of extreme neglect on the brain?

• The brain shrank in size and deteriorated.
• The brain stayed the same, but the function was greatly limited
• The brain stayed the same in size, but deteriorated.
• The brain shrank in size and functioned normally.

Which of the following studies has had the most profound impact on ethical issues in psychological research?

• Stanley Milgram's study of obedience
• Solomon Asch's  study of conformity
• Daryl Bern's  study of self-perception
• William McGuire's  study of self-concept

Distrust of others is symptomatic of

• mania
• dementia
• catatonia
• paranoia

Sigmund Freud believed that dream analysis was a useful device for

• decreasing repression
• strengthening the superego
• displacing instinctual forces
• gaining insight into unconscious motives

After several trials during which a dog is given a certain kind of food at the same time that a specific tone is sounded, there is evidence of conditioning if the dog salivates when

• the tone only is presented
• the food only is presented
• the food and tone are presented together
• a different tone is presented with the food

Which of the following responses was most likely acquired through classical conditioning?

• The startle response of a baby the first time the baby hears thunder
• A child's fear of dogs after the child has been bitten by a dog
• The uncontrollable blinking of a woman who has just gotten dust in her eye
• The salivation of a dog that is halfway through a bowl of its favorite food

In an experiment designed to determine whether scenes on television increase the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon  and another group a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive acts.
The control group in the experiment  is the group that...

• watched the nonviolent cartoon
• performed the larger number of aggressive acts
• performed the smaller number of aggressive acts
• watched the violent cartoon

In an experiment designed to determine whether scenes on television increase the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon  and another group a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, researchers observed the two groups of children together and counted instances of aggressive acts.
The dependent variable in the experiment is the...

• amount of aggressive behavior exhibited by the children
  
• amount of time that each child spent interacting with the other children
• group in which each child was originally placed
• violent cartoon

The terms "modeling" and "imitation" are most closely associated with which of the following?

• Classical conditioning
• Gestalt theory  
• Operant conditioning
• Social learning theory

In a famous series of experiments conducted by Harry Harlow, infant monkeys were separated from their mothers at birth. The infants were then given two surrogate  mothers  (a terry-cloth "mother" and a wire "mother"), each of which alternately had a nursing bottle that provided food to the infants. The experimental results showed that in frightening situations the infant monkeys 

• were more likely to become aggressive toward the wire mother than toward the terry-cloth mother
• preferred the wire mother, even when the terry-cloth mother had the nursing bottle
• preferred the terry-cloth mother, even when the wire mother had the nursing bottle
• would run and cling to whichever mother had the nursing bottle