Hydrosphere Pretest

This diagram models how toxic runoff can pollute a stream and also

• produce acid rain.
• cause soil erosion.
• create algae blooms.
• pollute groundwater.

Acid precipitation can dissolve aluminum from soil. As aluminum is dissolved, it can flow into lakes and contaminate the water. High concentrations of aluminum in lakes is fatal to many forms of aquatic life. This scenario provides evidence for which of these concepts?

• Environmental change can impact the quality of life for living organisms.
• Environmental change always has a negative impact on organisms.
• Acid rain is the most important environmental problem to address.
• Acid rain is the leading cause of death to fish in lakes.

Which human activity directly affects the quality of freshwater resources?

• depleting the ozone layer
• burning gasoline in car engines
• throwing trash out of car windows
• allowing runoff from agricultural fields

What is most responsible for the presence of groundwater in an area?

• the movement of water from a confined aquifer into surface water
• the movement of surface water and precipitation through the soil and rock
• the movement of water from streams and rivers to watersheds
• the movement of surface water through impermeable rock

Which of the following make up part of Earth's groundwater?

• wetlands.
• rivers.
• aquifers.
• lakes,

What is the relationship between groundwater and surface water?

• Surface water percolates (moves) through the soil to form groundwater.
• There is no relationship between surface and groundwater.
• Groundwater filters through the soil to form surface water.
• Surface water is found in lakes directly above underground water sources.

Point-source and non point-source pollution differ in 

• the kind of biological agents causing the pollution.
• whether the source of pollution is agricultural or industrial.
• the number of sources from which the pollution is discharged.
• where the pollutants are chemical or physical agents.

A drainage basin or river basin is

• the channel of a stream.
• the land covered by floodwaters.
• the land area that contributes water to a river.
• all streams that flow directly into the ocean.

aquifers that allow for good groundwater flow have many open spaces between the rocks or sediments that are connected to each other.  Describe the aquifer using the terms below.

• permeable and non porous
• permeable and porous
• impermeable and non-porous
• impermeable and porous

Using the diagram, what is occurring at D?

• Precipitation
• Evaporation
• Condensation
• Transpiration