10 AP Bio Mendelian Genetics

A wide range of phenotypic variations occur in the trait for human height.  Which of the following accounts for these variations?

• Polygenic Inheritance
• Codominance
• Incomplete dominance
• Multiple Alleles

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Many plant species are capable of producing offspring through self-pollination. In self-pollination, gametes formed by meiosis and are used to fertilize egg cells from the same plant. Which of the following statements describes why offspring produced through self-pollination can exhibit genetic diversity?

• The genes found in each gamete will be genetically identical to one another.
• The self-pollination gametes are produced through meiosis and have undergone DNA replication.
• Homologous chromosomes were sorted into different gamete cells causing separation of allele pairs.
• Gametes involved in self-pollination only travel a short distance prior to becoming involved in fertilization.

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Suppose that in sheep, a dominant allele (B) produce black hair and a recessive allele (b) produce white hair. If you saw a black sheep, you would be able to identify

• its phenotype for hair color

• its genotype for hair color

• the genotype of only one of its parents

• the phenotype of both of its parents

One of the main reasons genes assort independent of one another  is that 

• they produce unrelated traits
• they produce related traits
• they are on the same chromosome
• they are on different chromosomes.

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If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be

• 96

• 48

• 24

• 12

What is the percentage of homozygous recessive offspring?

• 0%
• 25%
• 50%
• 75%

Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed color in garden pea plants. What F₁ offspring would you expect if you cross true-breeding parents with green seeds and yellow seeds? Yellow seed color is dominant over green.

• 100 percent yellow-green seeds
• 100 percent yellow seeds
• 50 percent yellow, 50 percent green seeds
• 25 percent green, 75 percent yellow seeds

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The pedigree below is for a recessive genetic condition. People with solid symbols have the condition and are homozygous recessive. What is the genotype for person III-3

• GG

• Gg

• gg

• Cannot determine

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If you flip five coins, what is the probability of getting five heads? Apply the multiplication rule of probability.

• 1/16

• 1/32

• 1/64

• 1/8

Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disorder. People with CF have a phenotype in which they produce excessive mucus in their lungs. If two parents who are heterozygous have four offspring, what is the probability that none of the offspring with have CF?

• 32%

• 0.4%

• 4%

• 75%

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