Judicial Branch of the Government

A case involving the rights of an individual.

• Criminal
• Civil
• Appellate
• Bench Trial

A case involving the breaking of the law

• Criminal
• Civil
• Appellate
• Original

A trial in which there is NO JURY, only a judge who both oversees the courtroom and determines the verdict

• Jury Trial
• Appellate
• Bench Trial
• Civil

A trial where the verdict is determined by a jury, a group of 12 citizens who determine the outcome of the case

• Criminal
• Appellate
• Original
• Jury Trial

Items used to prove fact or truth in a case

• subpoena
• evidence
• Judicial Review
• Jurisdiction

The outcome of the case; the decision made by the jury in a jury trial or the judge in a bench trial

• Appeal
• Verdict
• Jurisdiction
• Sentence

To ask a higher court to review your case if you are unhappy with outcome (verdict)

• Verdict
• Sentencing
• Warrant
• Appeal

Higher courts that ONLY hear cases that have been appealed.  They do not hear new trials

• Appellate Jurisdiction
• Appellate Courts
• Original Courts
• Remand

When an appellate court upholds, or keeps the original verdict of the trial court the same

• Affirm
• Remand
• Reverse
• Appeal

When an appellate court returns the case to the trial court for the case to be heard again after an appeal.  Basically a “redo”

• Affirm
• Reverse
• Remand
• Appeal