Parenting

Both emotional and social development involve:

• a process of learning.
• forming a personal identity.
• learning to interact with others.
• recognizing feelings.

Emotional and social development are similar because early signs of both:

• are exactly the same from one adult to another.
• are exactly the same from one infant to another.
• tend to be quite different from one infant to another.
• tend to be similar from one infant to another.

In the area of emotional development, infants at six months who are well-cared-for tend to:

• cry less than those who are not.
• develop interests outside themselves more quickly than those who are not.
• grow faster than those who are not.
• have more stranger and separation anxiety than those who are not.

Both emotional and social development of infants are most influenced by the:

• actions of siblings.
• child’s individuality.
• child’s temperament.
• type of care a child receives.

Both emotional and social development are related to imitation because infants:

• are affected both by the moods and actions of parents and caregivers.
• imitate only the positive behaviors of their parents.
• imitate the emotional and social development of their parents.
• imitate their parents and caregivers only when they are being playful.

Infants at eleven to twelve months fear being:

• apart from their parents and expect way too much from other people.
• around strangers and will not interact with people they do not know.
• hungry or in pain and do not like to be around people.
• separated from their parents and are unable to see others’ views.

Both emotional and social development are enhanced by play because play helps children:

• express their interactions and hold in their feelings.
• interact with others both physically and cognitively.
• learn both emotional and social skills.
• learn to be quiet and do as they are told.

Emotional and social development are different because emotional development:

• begins at birth, but social development begins a few weeks later.
• follows a predictable pattern, but social development occurs randomly.
• influences a person’s personality, but social development does not.
• is influenced by the atmosphere of the home, but social development is not.

Emotional development of infants compares with social development in that:

• affection is more needed for emotional development than for social development.
• both emotional and social development influence a child’s way of thinking and interactions.
• emotional development contributes more to personality than social development.
• harmony is more needed for social development than for emotional development.

Social development of infants who have learned to trust differs from that of infants who have not because those who trust are better able to:

• change their temperaments.
• control their emotions.
• distinguish causes of emotions.
• form positive relationships.