Absolutism/Glorious/Enlightenment

The term divine right is best defined as a

• revolution to gain political rights and freedoms

• philosophy that encourages religious toleration

• belief that a ruler's authority comes from God

• system in which a monarch has limited power

Which statement would Louis XIV, Philip II, and Peter the Great most likely support?

• "The king is entitled to unquestioning obedience."

• "Parliament should represent the best interests of the people."

• "People have the right to revolt against an unjust government."

• "Government should be administered by people of all beliefs."

• Signing of the Magna Carta

• Signing of the Petition of Right

• Passage of the English Bill of Rights

In England, these events were instrumental in

• supporting a disarmament policy

• promoting government control of the economy

• justifying the acquisition of territory in foreign lands

• developing parliamentary democracy

What happened in Russia as a result of actions taken by Peter the Great?

• Russia was weakened by French invasions.

• Catholicism was adopted as the state religion.

• The Duma was reformed and the serfs were freed.

• Russia borrowed Western ideas and expanded its territories.

A main goal of the monarchs of Europe during the Age of Absolutism was to

• establish legislative bodies

• centralize political power

• improve the quality of life for the peasant class

• expand the role of the Catholic Church

Which person is credited with saying “L’état, c’est moi” (I am the state)?

• Louis XIV

• John Locke

• Karl Marx

• Queen Isabella

. . . The power of God can be felt in a moment from one end of the world to the other: the royal power acts simultaneously throughout the kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position just as God holds the whole world.If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire world would return to nothing: if authority ceases in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . .

— Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet

This passage describes the idea of

• divine right rule

• parliamentary democracy

• Marxism

• totalitarianism

The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights were created to

• limit the power of English monarchs

• establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants

• organize England’s colonial empire

• abolish the role of Parliament

Speaker A: "The state of monarchy is supreme on earth: for kings are not only God's lieutenants upon earth and sit upon God's throne, but even by God himself they are called gods."

Speaker B: "If government fails to fulfill the end for which it was established—the preservation of the individual's right to life, liberty, and property—the people have a right to dissolve the government."

Speaker C: "But what if the compact between the ruler and ruled is violated by the ruler? He thus becomes a tyrant, a criminal who forfeits his rights to the obedience of his subjects, who may now exercise their right to rebel and form a new compact."

Speaker D: "The ruling authority in the state, the sovereign, must have supreme power, or society will collapse and the anarchy of the state of nature will return."

Which two speakers would support absolutism?

• A and D

• B and C

• C and D

• A and B

“. . . Here a new city shall be wrought [built]. . . . Shall break a window to the West. . .

Here flags of foreign nations all

By waters new to them will call. . ..”

— Alexander Pushkin, The Bronze Horseman

Which policy was developed to implement the plans

described in the poem?

• westernization

• isolationism

• appeasement

• balance of power politics