Quiz about Chapter 8 Aquatic Biodiversity

Question 1

Which of the following are the two greatest long-term threats to coral reefs?

Accepted Answer

climate change and acidification

Answer

ocean acidification and overfishing

Answer

damage by divers and predation

Answer

erosion and sea-level rise

Answer

climate change and predation

Question 2

Although they only occupy 0.2% of the ocean floor, coral reefs provide many benefits. Which of the following is not one of these?

Accepted Answer

They provide significant free oxygen.

Answer

They serve as natural barriers.

Answer

They protect coastlines from erosion.

Answer

They provide habitats for one-quarter of all marine organisms.

Answer

They provide one-tenth of the global fish catch.

Question 3

If you find a new species of algae floating on the surface of a coastal zone, you would likely consider it a type of ____.

Accepted Answer

phytoplankton

Answer

benthos

Answer

zooplankton

Answer

nekton

Answer

ultraplankton

Question 4

A jellyfish would be considered a type of ____.

Accepted Answer

zooplankton

Answer

benthos

Answer

nekton

Answer

phytoplankton

Answer

ultraplankton

Question 5

Oysters, sea stars, and lobsters would be considered what type of organism?

Accepted Answer

benthos

Answer

phytoplankton

Answer

zooplankton

Answer

nekton

Answer

decomposers

Question 6

Strongly swimming consumers are most likely to be ____.

Accepted Answer

nekton

Answer

phytoplankton

Answer

zooplankton

Answer

benthos

Answer

decomposers

Question 7

The single ocean on the earth is divided into four parts by the continents. Which of the following is not one of those parts?

Accepted Answer

Baltic

Answer

Atlantic

Answer

Arctic

Answer

Indian

Answer

Pacific

Question 8

What prevents coral reefs from surviving below the euphotic zone?

Accepted Answer

inadequate sunlight

Answer

high water density

Answer

high pressure

Answer

saline water

Answer

damage from storms

Question 9

Which of the following is not part of the saltwater or marine aquatic life zones?

Accepted Answer

inland wetlands

Answer

oceans

Answer

estuaries

Answer

coastal wetlands

Answer

mangrove forests

Question 10

Which of the following is classified as a freshwater aquatic life zone?

Accepted Answer

rivers

Answer

oceans

Answer

mangrove forests

Answer

coral reefs

Answer

coastal wetlands

Question 11

Net Primary Productivity is highest in ____.

Accepted Answer

shallow systems as nutrients are plentiful

Answer

open oceans as nutrients are plentiful

Answer

open oceans as disturbance is minimized

Answer

shallow systems as temperatures are cooler

Answer

open oceans as sunlight is plentiful

Question 12

Which of the following is a major cause of increasing ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

rising levels of CO₂

Answer

eutrophication

Answer

construction of dams and levees

Answer

rising sea level

Answer

decreasing dissolved oxygen

Question 13

Which of the following is not part of the coastal zone?

Accepted Answer

bathyal zone

Answer

estuaries

Answer

coastal wetlands

Answer

intertidal zone

Answer

coral reefs

Question 14

What is the coastal marine ecosystem consisting of at least 60 species of plants that grow underwater in shallow marine and estuarine areas along most continental coastlines?

Accepted Answer

sea grass beds

Answer

salt marshes

Answer

intertidal zones

Answer

mangrove forests

Answer

coral reefs

Question 15

Which of the following is a highly productive wetland that provides habitat for some 69 species of trees that can live in salty water?

Accepted Answer

mangrove forests

Answer

seagrass beds

Answer

barrier beaches

Answer

barrier islands

Answer

coastal rain forests

Question 16

Organisms in ____ must be able to avoid being swept away, crushed by waves, or being left high and dry at low tides, and must survive daily or seasonal salinity and temperature changes.

Accepted Answer

intertidal zone

Answer

estuaries

Answer

coastal wetlands

Answer

bathyal zone

Answer

coral reefs

Question 17

The deepest part of the ocean is the ____.

Accepted Answer

abyssal zone

Answer

euphotic zone

Answer

estuary zone

Answer

bathyal zone

Answer

benthic zone

Question 18

Most photosynthesis in the open ocean occurs in the ____.

Accepted Answer

euphotic zone

Answer

abyssal zone

Answer

estuary zone

Answer

bathyal zone

Answer

benthic zone

Question 19

The dimly lit zone in which zooplankton and smaller fishes predominate is the ____.

Accepted Answer

bathyal zone

Answer

abyssal zone

Answer

euphotic zone

Answer

estuary zone

Answer

benthic zone

Question 20

The zone in which you would expect to find deposit feeders along with oysters, clams, and sponges is the ____.

Accepted Answer

abyssal zone

Answer

euphotic zone

Answer

coastal zone

Answer

intertidal zone

Answer

bathyal zone

Question 21

The ocean zone that covers the continental shelf is the ____.

Accepted Answer

coastal zone

Answer

bathyal zone

Answer

littoral zone

Answer

benthic zone

Answer

abyssal zone

Question 22

The ocean zone that makes up less than 10% of the world's ocean area, yet contains 90% of all the marine species, is the ____.

Accepted Answer

coastal zone

Answer

abyssal zone

Answer

bathyal zone

Answer

benthic zone

Answer

littoral zone

Question 23

Which human activity is least likely to be a major threat to marine systems?

Accepted Answer

sinking of ships to create artificial reefs

Answer

overfishing

Answer

runoff of nonpoint source pollution

Answer

invasive species introduced by humans

Answer

habitat destruction from coastal development

Question 24

Which of the following is not a type of inland wetland?

Accepted Answer

littoral

Answer

marshes

Answer

swamps

Answer

prairie potholes

Answer

Arctic tundra

Question 25

In large lakes, there are four distinct zones. Which of the following is not one of those zones?

Accepted Answer

bathyal

Answer

benthic

Answer

littoral

Answer

limnetic

Answer

profundal

Question 26

The open, sunlit surface area away from the shore is in which zone?

Accepted Answer

limnetic

Answer

benthic

Answer

littoral

Answer

bathyal

Answer

profundal

Question 27

In lakes, the nutrient-rich water near the shore is part of the ____.

Accepted Answer

littoral zone

Answer

limnetic zone

Answer

benthic zone

Answer

profundal zone

Answer

abyssal zone

Question 28

Fish adapted to cool, dark waters in lakes are found in the ____.

Accepted Answer

profundal zone

Answer

limnetic zone

Answer

benthic zone

Answer

littoral zone

Answer

abyssal zone

Question 29

Which of the following would be characteristic of the profundal zone?

Accepted Answer

low oxygen levels

Answer

rooted plants

Answer

nourished by dead matter

Answer

high photosynthetic activity

Answer

decomposers and detritus feeders

Question 30

Deep lakes with steep banks that have a short supply of plant nutrients are ____.

Accepted Answer

oligotrophic lakes

Answer

eutrophic lakes

Answer

culturally eutrophic lakes

Answer

hypereutrophic lakes

Answer

mesotrophic lakes

Question 31

Which of the following would be characteristic of a eutrophic lake?

Accepted Answer

well-supplied with nutrients for producers

Answer

crystal clear waters

Answer

limited population of phytoplankton

Answer

small supply of plant nutrients

Answer

low net primary productivity

Question 32

In lakes, large numbers of decomposers are found in the ____.

Accepted Answer

benthic zone

Answer

limnetic zone

Answer

littoral zone

Answer

profundal zone

Answer

abyssal zone

Question 33

If you fish for trout, you would be most likely to seek out which part of a stream?

Accepted Answer

source zone

Answer

benthic zone

Answer

transition zone

Answer

floodplain zone

Answer

profundal zone

Question 34

Wide, slow-moving rivers containing lots of particulate matter (silt) would be typical of what aquatic life zone?

Accepted Answer

floodplain zone

Answer

source zone

Answer

benthic zone

Answer

transition zone

Answer

profundal zone

Question 35

Four of the following are ecological and economic services provided by inland wetlands; one is not. Choose the one that is not.

Accepted Answer

stopping the recharge of groundwater aquifers

Answer

filtering and degrading toxic wastes and pollutants

Answer

reducing flooding and erosion caused by storms

Answer

helping to sustain stream flow during dry periods

Answer

helping to maintain biodiversity by providing habitat

Question 36

Most of the wetlands that are lost are used for ____.

Accepted Answer

growing crops

Answer

mining

Answer

urban development

Answer

forestry

Answer

recreation

Question 37

Since 1960, Chesapeake Bay has suffered from water pollution. What is a major cause of this?

Accepted Answer

human population growth

Answer

dam construction

Answer

sea level rise

Answer

introduction of exotic fish species

Answer

waste from fishing boats

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