(1337-1453) Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families.

• WWI

• French Revolution

• Hundred Years' War

An outbreak of bubonic plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century, carrying off vast numbers of persons.

• Black Death

• Flue

• Pox

A period of division in the Roman Catholic Church, 1378-1417, over papal succession, during which there were two, or sometimes three, claimants to the papal office.

• Break

• Great Schism

• Holy Division

A period of intense artistic and intellectual activity, said to be a 'rebirth' of Greek-Roman culture.

• Renaissance

• Reformation

• Trinity

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

• Reformation

• Renaissance

• Transformation

Italian Renaissance artist, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, and scientist.

• Leonardo da Jones

• Leonardo da Caprio

• Leonardo da Vinci

An Italian sculptor, painter, poet, engineer, and architect. Famous works include the mural on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and the sculpture of the biblical character David.

• Petzo

• Michelangelo

• Giovanni Da Pasta

European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities

• Humanists

• Naturalists

• Sects

Copernicus

• Greek Philosopher

• Polish astronomer

• Irish Painter

German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press

• Gunter Gunderson

• Sven Johanson

• Johann Gutenberg