3.2 Changes of State

The process of a solid changing directly into a gas is called

• condensation.

• evaporation.

• freezing.

• sublimation.

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According to the law of conservation of mass

• mass is lost only in chemical changes.

• mass is lost only in physical changes.

• total mass stays the same in changes of state.

• only energy is lost in changes of state.

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According to the law of conservation of energy,

• energy is not absorbed or released in changes of state.

• energy is not transferred during changes of state.

• energy is not created or destroyed in changes of state.

• a substance has the same energy before and after a change of state.

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When ice melts to form liquid, energy is

• created

• destroyed

• released

• absorbed

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The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid is the

• freezing point.

• saturation point.

• boiling point.

• condensation point.

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The engine of a car left running for a long period of time becomes hot because

• energy is created by burning gasoline.

• energy is absorbed by burning gasoline.

• energy is transferred from burning gasoline.

• energy is released as gasoline evaporates.

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A substance changes from a liquid to a gas during evaporation because

• energy is lost.

• energy is released.

• energy is created.

• energy is absorbed.

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What happens to the particles of a substance when it condenses?

• Particles speed up and spread out.

• Particles slow down and clump together.

• Particles stick together and stop moving.

• Particles vibrate as they lose energy.

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According to the kinetic theory of matter, which of the following statements is true about matter?

• The atoms and molecules of a substance are always in motion.

• The higher the temperature of a substance, the faster its particles

  move.

• More massive particles move more slowly than less massive

  particles.

• All are true

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The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is called

• plasma

• kinetic temperature

• thermal energy

• particle energy

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