DNA/RNA Practice Questions

Why is RNA so important to cell differentiation?

• The cell makes specific proteins directly from RNA that determine the cell type and function.

• RNA binds to DNA to generate energy that is needed to make molecules that identify one cell from another.

• The cell sends RNA to the surface of the cell membrane where RNA acts as the receptor for identification and signaling.

• RNA performs transcription to create DNA that is then used to modify proteins that are specific to each type of cell.

What would MOST LIKELY happen if the process in the nucleus is interrupted?

• DNA would not be decoded into an RNA molecule.

• DNA would not be able to be produced.

• Protein synthesis would be increased.

• Amino acids would bind together.

Tyra made a mistake while she was creating her chart. Which best identifies the mistake Tyra made?

• DNA is single-stranded while RNA is double-stranded.

• DNA remains in the nucleus while RNA leaves the nucleus.

• DNA contains a ribose sugar while RNA contains a deoxyribose sugar.

• DNA has bases of A, G, C, and U while RNA has bases of A, G, C, and T.

Which nitrogenous base is most likely the characteristic feature of RNA?

• adenine

• cytosine

• thymine

• uracil

The complementary nitrogenous bases in DNA are held together by

• hydrogen bonds.

• nitrogen bonds.

• carbon bonds.

• oxygen bonds.

The term "genetic code" is defined as the sequence of bases in DNA in a cell's nucleus. The types of bases in the genetic code are

• different in bacteria and animals.

• the same in animals, plants, and bacteria.

• different in animals and plants.

• the same only in animals and bacteria.

DNA is composed of two chains with nitrogenous bases that are complementary to one another. If a portion of a DNA strand reads ATCCGGAAT, then what would be the complement to this portion of DNA?

• TACGGCTTA

• ATCCGGAAT

• TAGGCCTTA

• ATGGCCAAT

The information specifying the traits of an organism is present in units of chemical substances in the center of a DNA molecule. The backbone that supports these chemical substances, allowing them not to collide, is composed of alternating

• amino acids and alcohols.

• fatty acids and minerals.

• sugars and phosphates.

• proteins and enzymes.

In 1951, British biophysicist Rosalind Franklin took X-ray diffraction images of DNA. Her images revealed how the nucleic acids interacted to form the chemical structure of DNA in which shape?

• a linear chain

• a single strand

• a double helix

• an irregular sphere

Which of these shows the correct order for the central dogma of molecular biology?

• DNA to protein to RNA

• RNA to DNA to protein

• protein to DNA to RNA

• DNA to RNA to protein