AP Chemistry Semester 1 Vocab

Two atoms that share a pair of electrons

• valence electrons

• covalent bond

• ionic bond

• quantum numbers

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged atoms in a compound

• Ionic bond

• covalent bond

• stoichiometry

• enthalpy change

The outer electrons of an atom, which are the ones involved in chemical bonding

• Avogadro's number

• cation

• valence

• mole

The amount of a substance that contains Avogadro's number of particles

• mole

• ideal gas law

• cation

• substance

The reactant used up first in a chemical reaction

• substance

• stoichiometry

• ionization energy

• limiting reagent

The proportion of actual to the theoretical amounts produced in a chemical reaction

• percent yield

• empirical formula

• ideal gas law

• theoretical yield

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound

• empirical formula

• net ionic equation

• molecular formula

• atomic radius

empirical

• determined through observation or experimentation

• determined through theory

• simple whole number ratio

• regal

Shows the relationships among pressure, volume, temperature, and the amount of gas with the equation: PV=nRT

• Dalton's law

• ionization energy

• ideal gas law

• diffusion

The gradual mixing of molecules of one gas with molecules of another by virtue of their kinetic energies

• cation

• diffusion

• enthalpy

• quantum numbers