S1 final review-7SC-AKS3 Prep (2018) Shang

Nose color is an inherited trait in dogs. Two puppies from the same set of parents have different color noses. One puppy has a pink nose and one puppy has a black nose.

What causes the puppies to have different color noses?

• The pink-nosed puppy and the black nosed puppy must have different sets of parents.

• The pink-nosed puppy and the black nosed puppy different combinations of the genes for nose color.

• The pink-nosed puppy has a different number of chromosomes than the black nosed puppy.

• The pink nosed puppy and the black nosed puppy have different chromosomes for the two nose colors

A student is doing a genetics experiment on beetles. The student breeds a pure green beetle with a pure brown beetle. The student repeats this experiment ten more times. Every time the student performs this cross, all of the offspring are green. What does that mean? (DOK 2)

• The gene for green color is dominant over the gene for brown color because all the beetle offspring have a green phenotype.

• The gene for brown color is dominant over the gene for green color because all of the beetle offspring have a brown genotype.

• The gene for green and brown are equally expressed because half the beetle parents have a green phenotype and half the beetle parents have a brown phenotype.

• The gene for green color is dominant over the gene for brown because all the beetle offspring have a brown phenotype.

Two sisters have a father who is homozygous for his recessive blue eyes and a mother who is dominant for her heterozygous brown eyes. One sister has blue eyes, and the other has brown eyes. Which of the following explains the difference in the eye color of the sisters?

• Each sister inherited the same combination of alleles from their parents that determined their eye color.

• One of the sisters inherited all of her alleles from the mother, and the other sister inherited all of her alleles from the father.

• The sister with blue eyes inherited a different combination of alleles from both parents than the combination inherited by the sister with brown eyes.

• The sister with the blue eyes had only one allele for determining eye color, and the sister with brown eyes had two alleles.

In tulips, alleles for purple petals are dominant to alleles for white petals. Which of the following explanations best describes what color petals the tulip will have if they inherit one allele for purple petals and one allele for white petals?

• The tulip will have purple petals because the allele for purple petals is dominant, and the dominant allele always masks the recessive allele.

• The tulip will have white petals because the allele for white petals is recessive, and the recessive allele always masks the dominant allele.

• The tulip will be pink petals because the two alleles blend to make a new trait.

• The tulip will have an unknown color of petals because petal color does not have a consistent pattern of inheritance.

Two students were discussing inheritance in science class. Both students knew that genes and chromosomes had something to do with human inheritance. The students came up with four explanations of what genes do in the process of inheritance. Which is the best explanation of what genes do?

• Genes make chromosomes and chromosomes make up our organs, which give us the traits we inherit.

• Genes directly cause physical changes to our chromosomes; then the chromosomes produce our traits.

• Genes directly cause physical changes on our cells’ nuclei. The nuclei then produce our traits.

• Genes are part of chromosomes and genes provide the instructions to cells on how to make our traits.

Each form of a gene is called an allele. Two kinds of alleles for human blood include “A” and ”O”. The allele for type A blood is dominant to the type O allele. The allele for type O blood is recessive. Which of the following explanations best describes which blood type a person will have if he inherits one allele for type A from his mother and one allele for type O from his father?

• He will receive type O blood because blood type is always determined by the father’s alleles.

• He will receive type A blood because blood type is always determined by the mother’s alleles.

• He will receive type A blood because type A is dominant and the dominant allele always masks the recessive allele.

• He will receive type O blood because type O is recessive and the recessive allele always masks the dominant allele.

A student’s cat gave birth to a litter of kittens. She noticed that one of the kittens had brown fur and one of the kittens had white fur. Which of the following best explains how two kittens in the same litter can have different fur colors?

• The brown kitten and the white kitten must have different sets of parents.

• The brown kitten has a different number of chromosomes than the white kitten.

• The brown kitten and the white kitten have different chromosomes for the two fur colors.

• The brown kitten and the white kitten have different combinations of the genes for fur color.

A Rottweiler dog is born with a long tail and when it is a few days old, its tail is cut to be shorter. Several years later, the dog has eight puppies. How many puppies probably have short tails like their mother's?

• 0

• 2

• 4

• 8

Within the human trait, brown eyes are dominant over green eyes. The Punnett square below shows a cross between two parents with brown eyes.

What is the probability that the parents will produce an offspring with green eyes?

• 100%

• 50%

• 25%

• 0%

A hybrid short hair guinea pig and a long-haired guinea pig are in the same cage and have several litters, totaling 36 offspring with a variety of fur lengths. In guinea pigs, short hair is dominant to long hair. Which of the following is an appropriate estimate of the total offspring that could have

short hair?

• 33 of the offspring could have short hair

• 19 of the offspring could have short hair

• 8 of the offspring could have short hair

• 2 of the offspring could have short hair