Ecology Review

The illustration shows a biogeochemical cycle.Which gas is represented by the black arrows?

• oxygen
• nitrogen
• hydrogen
• carbon dioxide

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During times of extremely low rainfall, some African frogs bury themselves in the mud at the surface of ponds that are drying up. This appears to be a survival technique. Which behavioral process most likely accounts for this practice?

• imprinting and conditioning

• conditioning

• innate behavior

• learned behavior

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The diagram displays a graph of Lynx and Hare populations: Based on the graph, what keeps the lynx population from experiencing constant growth?

• limited amount of food
• eating a variety of food types
• extinction of the hare population
• competition with other predators

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

In 1859, a small population of rabbits was released in Australia for sport hunting. Within 10 years, the rabbit population exceeded one million.Which condition played a role in the dramatic increase in rabbit population?

• Rabbits have no natural predators in Australia

• Rabbits could not adapt to the new environment

• Rabbits were influenced by many limiting factors

• Rabbits reproduce rapidly by asexual reproduction

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

An energy pyramid shows the loss of energy at each trophic level. Which explains why energy is not really lost?

• Some energy remains in the first trophic level

• An organism conserves its energy and stores it

• Some energy is converted into waste and heat energy

• An organism transfers its energy back and forth between trophiclevels

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How do populations of predators and prey change as food sources decrease in a habitat?

• Prey decrease and then predators increase

• Prey increase and then predators increase

• Prey decrease and then predators decrease

• Prey and predator populations decrease at the same time

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Which process in the carbon cycle takes the longest to complete?

• emission of waste
• respiration in animals
• photosynthesis in plants
• formation of fossil fuels

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

The four-eyed butterfly fish has a dark spot on each side of its tail. How does this adaptation help the fish to survive?

• to attract prey
• to communicate
• to mark territories
• to confuse predators

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Which describes the impact predators have on the population growth ofthe prey?

• Predators maintain the prey population
• Predators increase the prey population growth
• Predators decrease the prey population growth
• Predators have no impact on the prey population growth

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which process requires water to start?

• combustion
• photosynthesis
• nitrogen fixation
• cellular respiration

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6