Unit 9/10

Which of the following was an important effect of the Columbian Exchange?

• The fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks

• The capture of Jerusalem by Christian Crusaders

• The introduction of new plants and animals to both Europe and America

• The deaths of millions of Europeans from disease brought by ships returning from the Americas

Which was a major reason for a rise of the Atlantic slave trade?

• Europeans wanted to punish disobedient Africans who were rebelling against European rule

• Gold, diamonds and other valuable resources had been discovered in Sub-Saharan Africa

• American Indians laborers were needed in Europe

• European colonists needed workers to grow sugar cane and other crops in the Americas

What practice did the Aztec borrow from earlier Mesoamerican people?

• The cultivation of corn

• The hearding of cattle and sheep

• The use of quipu (bundles of rope) to keep records and send messages

• Improved techniques for riding horses

What did the Aztec use of the calendar and the Mayan writing system illustrate about the pre-Columbian civilizations of the Americas?

• They traded extensively with Africa

• They had major cultural achievements before coming into contact with European civilizations

• They are declining from warfare and disease

• They had earlier contact with the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt

What did the Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations have in common?

• They constructed large temples of stone without cement

• They were located in dense rainforests

• They cultivated wheat as their main food crop

• They worshiped the same God

What was an important similarity between the Mongols of Central Asia and the Incas of South America?

• They each developed cash-crop farming

• They each based individual wealth on the ownership of slaves

• They each adapted to difficult physical environments

• They each practice monotheistic religions

Which factor best explains the sudden collapse of the Aztec empire?

• A small number of Spaniards with superior weapons and local allies defeated the Aztec

• Aztec warriors refused to fight other Indians after their conversation to Christianity

• A series of severe droughts destroyed several Aztec harvest, leading to a decline in population

• Aztec warriors were overwhelmed by the large number of soldiers coming from Spain

Which best summarizes the impact of European colonization on the Inca and Aztec civilizations?

• Aztec and Inca natives were generally replaced by enslaved peoples brought from Africa

• These empires were replaced by a new culture blending local traditions, Catholicism and Spanish rule

• These civilizations adopted Protestant as a means of resisting Spanish rule

• Local rulers absorbed European ideas and developed beneficial trade links with Western Europe

Which statement idenitifies an impact of the Atlantic Slave trade?

• It made African languages and the Islamic religion popular in the Americas

• It brought African beliefs, legends and music to Asia

• It destroyed much of Africa's heritage and disrupted its development

• It introduced violence and social upheaval to Europe

How did the Ottoman Empire capture of Constantinople in 1453 encourage European exploration?

• European explorers imitated Ottoman methods of navigation

• European rulers built larger navies to regain control the Mediterranean

• European explorers sailed into the Black Sea and settled the Crimea

• European rulers sought a new, all water route to Asia