Chapter 8 Minerals and Rocks

An example of a mineral made up of a pure element is

• coal

• copper.

• quartz.

• glass.

What is the hardest known mineral?

• talc

• quartz

• diamond

• gold

Halite is a mineral formed by

• crystallization of hot water solutions on the ocean floor.

• cooling of magma.

• evaporation.

• cooling of lava.

When all the grains in a rock are large and easy to see, the rock is described as

• extrusive.

• fine grained.

• coarse grained.

• nonbanded.

Which igneous rock has large crystals surrounded by smaller crystals?

• pegmatite

• porphyry

• rhyolite

• granite

The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it is

• compaction.

• cementation.

• deposition.

• erosion.

A sedimentary rock made up of rock fragments with rounded edges is called

• shale.

• sandstone.

• conglomerate.

• breccia.

Heat and pressure deep beneath Earth’s surface can change any rock into

• chemical rock.

• gemstones.

• metamorphic rock.

• sedimentary rock.

The color of a mineral’s powder is called its

• streak

• luster.

• density.

• hardness.

Rather than splitting apart evenly, most minerals have a characteristic type of

• cleavage.

• fracture.

• crystal.

• luster.