What is an advantage of a biodiverse ecosystem?

Can withstand changes in resources

Can recover more quickly from a natural disaster

Can withstand the immigration of a new predator

How would the biodiversity of this ecosystem be affected if the lantern fish disappeared?

The ocean sunfish population would increase.

The large shark population would die out.

What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?

The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.

The insects in the habitat would increase.

The willow tree population would decrease.

Foxes would dies due to no food source.

a deer population has significantly increased, the best hypothesis is

the deer's main predator has been eliminated

decreased water levels of local ponds

organisms that rely on similar food sources migrated to the area

The Utah Division of Wildlife Resources is attempting to restore Bonneville cutthroat trout, Utah’s state fish, to Mill Creek Canyon in Salt Lake City. This fish species was thought to be extinct until small populations were discovered. Restoration of the species involves removing non-native fish from Mill Creek, taking out fish barriers that prevent the fish from freely swimming up and down the river, and then restocking the native Bonneville cutthroat trout to the creek. Which of the following will show that restoration attempts have resulted in a stable Bonneville cutthroat trout population in Mill Creek Canyon?

Counts of cutthroat trout are taken every year for five years and are found to be consistent from year to year.

Counts made by river fishermen show an increase in the number of non-native fish in Mill Creek.

The speed of the river is measured to be faster after fish barriers are removed.

A radio tag on a restocked cutthroat trout shows it is able to swim the entire length of the river after the fish barriers are removed.

Hundreds of cutthroat trout are restocked to the river in April. In May, fishermen count an increased number of cutthroat trout in the river.

Beavers are a keystone species creating wetland habitats that increase plant, bird, and wildlife biodiversity, improve water quality, and raise fish populations. Unfortunately, often beavers and humans have competing needs. Beavers will sometimes build dams that flood roads or parking lots. One solution to solve this beaver-human conflict is a water flow device. Beavers are stimulated to continue working on their dams by the feel or sound of running water. Sometimes called a “beaver deceiver,” a water flow device works by removing the sound of running water resulting in a beaver no longer compelled to build onto its dam. One type of beaver deceiver works by placing an insulated pipe through the bottom of the dam. This allows water to flow through the pipe, keeping the water level of the pond lower. The beaver no longer hears or feels the running water and does not add onto the dam. The level of the beaver’s pond meets the beaver’s needs and does not interfere with man made structures. Choose the correct three (3) statements that demonstrate the design solution is working effectively.

The pond created by the beaver maintains a controlled size that does not interfere with an adjacent road.

The wetland habitat near the beaver dam continues to support a variety of plant and animal life.

Humans activities are not disturbed by the actions of the beaver in creating a dam and pond.

The water flow device removes too much water making it difficult for fish and other aquatic species to live in the pond.

The beaver chews through the insulated pipe stopping the flow of water and leading to an increased pond size.

The greater sage-grouse can be found in sage brush country in Utah. It nests on the ground under sagebrush or grass patches. It finds it good on the ground as well, mainly eating sagebrush but also other plants and insects. The species has been in decline due to habitat loss, including human development of land and invasion of non-native grasses preventing the growth of sagebrush. The greater sage-grouse has been recognized as a threatened species by several organizations. Utah has made the health of the greater sage grouse a priority and has been attempting to increase and protect sage-grouse habitat. Eleven sage-grouse management areas have been established around Utah where habitat is protected from further development and active steps are being taken to increase the biodiversity of the land. Which three (3) of the following statements about could be used to argue that Utah’s sage-grouse management plan has been effective?

The sage-grouse population has been trending upwards for the last 15 years.

One-half million acres of sage-grouse habitat has been enhanced or preserved since 2006.

There has been a 40% increase in the sage-grouse population over the last year.

There are natural fluctuations in the sage-grouse population.

55% of sage-grouse habitat is on private land.

Mosquitoes lay their eggs in standing or slow moving water. In residential areas, standing water can accumulate in unused tires, cans, unused pools and pool covers, and other receptacles that collect water. Mosquitoes can enter homes through unscreened windows or doors, or broken screens. Mosquitoes spread harmful diseases to humans such as the West Nile and Zika viruses. A family would like to decrease the number of mosquitos around their home. The following are solutions they are considering: Mosquito repellant spray Pest control spray the property of home Electric mosquito trap Remove ponds and pools nearby Introduce Mosquito fish to nearby ponds, which prey on mosquitoes. What three (3) questions should they ask?

What is the cost of each solution?

How long will each solution keep mosquitos away?

How will this solution affect other organisms in the ecosystem, including humans, animals, and plants?

What region of the world do the mosquitoes originate from?

How quickly do mosquitoes travel?

Utah’s highways provide people with access to all parts of the state. Highways create barriers for migrating wildlife and have impacted the habitats of many animals. Many areas of highway have deer-proof fencing, which keep the animals off the road, but make it difficult for the animals to move around their habitat to find food. In an effort to provide wildlife with a safe way to cross the highways, overpasses (bridges over the highway) and underpasses (tunnels under the highway) have been constructed for animals to use. Which three (3) of the following statements provide evidence that these structures have been effective?

A variety of species have been recorded using overpasses and underpasses

Collisions involving wildlife have decreased in areas where overpasses exist.

Other states are building structures similar to those built in Utah

The Division of Wildlife Resources and the Department of Transportation have worked together to build the structures.

Building overpasses and underpasses can be expensive

Pesticides, chemicals that kill insects, are commonly used in modern agriculture. The chemicals can be sprayed or added to the water in order to keep insects from destroying crops. Since the introduction of pesticides, honey bee populations have drastically declined. Pesticides do not kill honey bees immediately, but slowly impair the brain function of the bees, eventually killing them. Honey bees are responsible for pollinating flowers, allowing the plants to reproduce. Which two (2) sentences from the text provide evidence that the introduction of pesticides had unintended consequences for the ecosystem?

Since the introduction of pesticides, honey bee populations have drastically declined.

Pesticides do not kill honey bees immediately, but slowly impair the brain function of the bees, eventually killing them.

Pesticides, chemicals that kill insects, are commonly used in modern agriculture.

The chemicals can be sprayed or added to the water in order to keep insects from destroying crops.

Honey bees are responsible for pollinating flowers, allowing the plants to reproduce.

Which is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem?

number and kinds of predators in teh ecosystem

average temperature of the ecosystem

concentration of oxygen in the ecosystem

An abandoned mountain railroad track is overgrown with shrubs. What would be an example of ecological succession ten years later?

small aspen trees growing in the middle of the track

lichen growing on the railroad cross-ties

annual plants growing in the middle

grass growing on the sides of the tracks

If there was a drought and the mice died off, use the food web to determine which of the following population changes is most likely to occur.

the carrot population will increase, the snake population will decrease

the corn population would decrease, the hawk population will increase

the flowering shrub population will increase, the rabbit population will decrease

the shrew population will increase, the grasshopper population will decrease.

Which of the following statements best explains why forest trees are the final stage in succession in this type of ecosystem?

tall trees grow slower and block the light miking it hard or small plants to grow underneath

trees are very large and completely use all available nutrients

trees have deep roots and completely soak up all available ground water

the leaves of tall trees completely use all available air and make it hard for plants to grow

According to the information above, which of these is responsible for the decrease in the black-footed ferret population?

reduced numbers of prairie dogs

competition with prairie dogs for resources

activity of research institutes

development of managed wildlife areas

plants are adapted to episodes of fire

primary production is abundant throughout the year

winters are mild and summers are wet

precipitation occurs evenly year round

Fire has which of the following effects on a community?

it recycles dead plant material, thus nutrients become available

it causes all of the plants and animals in the community to become dormant

it prevents re-establishment of the pre-fire community

it forces predators to become omnivores

Ecosystem Stability

Authored by mac cole

Biology

9th Grade

NGSS covered

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Dead zones are low-oxygen areas that develop on the seafloor. Scientists hypothesize that phytoplankton blooms cause these dead zones. Phytoplankton blooms occur when excess nutrients are introduced by pollution from fertilizers, sewage plants, and the burning of fossil fuels. Which of the following would most likely cause an increase in these contributors to dead zones?

Rainfall patterns that increase freshwater runoff from terrestrial ecosystems

Replacing coal-fired power plants with windmills

Farming practices that reduce nitrate and phosphate applications

Constructing efficient water-recovery and treatment plants

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS2-7

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?

There would be a decrease in the small bird population.

There would be a decrease in the grass/flowers population.

There would be a decrease in the mice population.

There would be an increase in the grass/flowers population.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Which best explains why many kinds of plants and animals can live together in an ecosystem?

The plants and animals are all part of a food chain and depend on each other to live.

Plants and animals are interdependent of one another.

One species may overpopulate, killing all plant life.

Over population of a species results in a biodiversity.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

What would most likely happen if an ecosystem no longer received sunlight?

The number of herbivores would increase

The number of plants would increase

all organisms would adapt

All living organisms would eventually die

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Examples of how humans negatively affect local ecosystems are

Building dams, deforestation (cutting down trees), adding point sources to nearby streams to allow for run-off, building roads and structures, and salting roads.

Creating laws to prohibit fishing from local streams.

Planting trees and other plants to attract native species.

Removing non-native species from the environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What does biodiversity mean?

Only one species in an area.

The different amount of species in an area

All abiotic life

Nitrogen fixation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

In this tundra food web, if grasses were removed what would happen to the sustainability of the ecosystem?

There would be an overpopulation of arctic hares and lemmings.

Polar bears would move to a new ecosystem

The ecosystem would collapse because it lost its main producer

Wildflowers would die out from the ecosystem

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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Ecosystem Stability

Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?

Which best explains why many kinds of plants and animals can live together in an ecosystem?

What would most likely happen if an ecosystem no longer received sunlight?

Examples of how humans negatively affect local ecosystems are

What does biodiversity mean?

In this tundra food web, if grasses were removed what would happen to the sustainability of the ecosystem?

Globally, the leading cause of biodiversity loss is

What is an advantage of a biodiverse ecosystem?

Biodiversity leads to

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