Chapter 4 Ecology Review

The greenhouse effect is

• something that has only occurred for the last 50 years

• a natural phenomenon that maintains Earth's temperature range

• The result of the differences in the angle of the sun's rays

• an unnatural phenomenon that causes heat energy to be radiated back into the atmosphere

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An organism's niche is

• the range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way it obtains what it needs to survive and reproduce

• all the physical and biological factors in the organism's environment

• the range of temperatures that the organism needs to survive

• a full description of the place an organism lives

No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time

• because of the interactions that shape the ecosystem

• unless the species requires different abiotic factors

• because of the competitive exclusion principle

• unless the species require different biotic factors

A wolf pack hunts, kills, and feeds on moose. In this interaction, the wolves are

• hosts

• prey

• mutualists

• predators

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A predator is an animal that

• kills and eats other animals

• eats plants

• lives on another animal without harming it

• lives inside another animal

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How is parasitism different from commensalism?

• Both organisms benefit in parasitism and only one organism benefits in commensalism

• One organism benefit with parasitism and no organisms benefit with commensalism

• One organism is harmed in parasitism and both organisms are harmed with commensalism

• One organism is harmed in parasitism and no organisms are harmed in commensalism

Primary succession would most likely occur after

• a forest fire

• a lava flow

• farm land is abandoned

• a severe storm

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Which of the following occurs during the ecological succession of an ecosystem?

• An ecosystem reaches a final, unchanging stage

• Animals move out of the ecosystem until succession is complete

• Living organisms modify their environment a little at a time

• Parts of communities split off to form new communities

After primary succession, what is the order of new plant life?

• shrubs-grass-lichens-trees

• lichens-grass-shrubs-trees

• grass-shrubs-trees-lichens

• trees-shrubs-grass-lichen

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The North Pole and the South Pole are

• classified as tundra biomes

• not home to any animals

• not classified into major biomes

• part of aquatic ecosystems