Cells & Transport Quiz

Muscle cells found in the heart contain many more mitochondria than cells that store fat in adult humans. Which explanation best explains why that is true?

• Heart muscle cells are larger than fat cells

• Heart muscle cells require a lot of energy.

• Cells that compose fatty tissue are not living.

• Cells that compose fatty tissue do not make proteins.

With which cellular process are ribosomes directly involved?

• doubling genetic material before cell division

• producing cellular energy molecules from glucose

• synthesizing structural and functional proteins

• separating sister chromatids during cell division

A student observes that a plant has droopy leaves and stems and infers that the rate of photosynthesis has slowed in the plant. Which statement provides evidence to support the student’s inference?

• The water pressure in the plant’s vacuoles is low, and without water, the chloroplasts cannot convert carbon dioxide to glucose during photosynthesis.

• The water pressure in the plant’s ribosomes is low, and without water, the chloroplasts cannot convert carbon dioxide to glucose during photosynthesis

• The water pressure in the plant’s vacuoles is low, and without water, the mitochondria cannot convert carbon dioxide to glucose during photosynthesis

• The water pressure in the plant’s ribosomes is low, and without water, the mitochondria cannot convert carbon dioxide to glucose during photosynthesis.

Which example best shows how different cells have specialized functions?

• In an octopus, cells divide repeatedly to reform a lost tentacle

• In a human, the red blood cells lack nuclei and help to transport oxygen

• In a bacterium, a single cell removes waste products and aids in cell division.

• In a plant, xylem cells transport water, and phloem cells transport food.

Cord blood taken from an infant’s umbilical cord contains stem cells. When preserved, the stem cells can be used later for treatment of many diseases that the person might suffer.

Which statement is true about umbilical cord stem cells?

• They have the ability to undergo uncontrolled division.

• They have the ability to develop into other types of cells.

• They have the ability to mutate their DNA to form new cells.

• They have the ability to imitate the cells of all animal species.

A researcher performed an experiment in which he transplanted the nucleus of an adult frog’s skin cell into an embryo of a donor frog from which the nucleus was removed. This led to the development of a cloned adult frog.

Which statement is the best conclusion of the experiment?

• The nucleus of a fully differentiated cell undergoes DNA rearrangement to become an undifferentiated cell

• The nucleus of a fully differentiated cell contains the entire genome necessary to make a new organism.

• Cell differentiation is regulated by the cytoplasm of a cell.

• Cell differentiation occurs only during the embryonic development of an organism.