Topic 6 Lesson 3

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo forced Mexico to

• pay the United States several million dollars in war reparations.

• recognize slavery in territories occupied by Americans settlers.

• give up the northern region of their country to the United States.

• submit their plans for any territorial expansion to the U.S. Congress.

What was the main goal of the Gadsden Purchase in 1853?

• to expand settlements further west

• to avoid further conflict with Mexico

• to facilitate a railroad across the continent

• to ease tensions between North and South

Hard rock mining allowed wealthy investors to dominate the gold mining industry in California because

• it was similar to placer mining.

• it required expensive equipment and deep tunnels.

• it exploited poorly paid labor from China.

• it depended on railroads connecting to the East Coast.

The Wilmot Proviso disrupted American politics because it

• created sectional divisions within each party.

• established land titles in Texas dating back to Spanish rule.

• set Northern states against Southern states.

• tried to ban slavery in the South.

Californians wanted California to enter the Union as a free state because

• they understood the injustice of slavery.

• they did not want southerners using slave labor to find gold.

• there were already more slave states than free states.

• they wanted to tip the balance in Congress in favor of free states.

What geographic factor contributed to San Francisco’s growth after 1848?

• its good harbor

• its proximity to mountains

• its abundance of land for farming

• its roads and railroads leading to mines

How did hydraulic mining differ from placer mining?

• It used manual labor to extract gold.

• It led miners to look for gold in rivers and streams.

• It removed gold from deeper in the ground than placer mining.

• It separated greater quantities of gold at a time.

California statehood increased political tensions because it

• seemed to reduce the rights of the gold miners.

• threatened to turn California into a slave state.

• suggested that the territory would no longer be part of Mexico.

• threatened the congressional balance between slave and free states.

The key purpose of the Wilmot Proviso was

• to secure southern Arizona and the New Mexico territories.

• to ban slavery in all territories gained from Mexico.

• to finalize the terms of Mexico's surrender.

• to secure the southern border of Texas.

From about 1850-1860, the American Indian population in California.....

• increased dramatically

• decreased dramatically

• remained about the same

• showed a gradual increase