SSA Review (Organization of Living Things: Big Idea 14)

Structures in the human body work together to perform specific functions. The diagram shows the organization of structures found in the human body. A picture of which of the following structures belongs in the box above?

• cell

• organ

• organelle

• tissue

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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The cell theory applies to all organisms, including the five shown. Which of the following statements describes how these organisms are an example of the cell theory?

• The organisms have cells that lack a nucleus.

• The organisms are made of one or more cells.

• The cells of the organisms undergo photosynthesis.

• The cells of the organisms are identical to each other.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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Plant cells are different from animal cells. The diagram identifies four different structures in a plant cell. Compared to the structures in an animal cell, which of the following structures is found only in a plant cell?

• Mitochondrion

• Cell Wall

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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In order to maintain homeostasis, the systems of the human body work together to keep a constant internal temperature. Which of the following best describes how the human body responds in a cold environment?

• The digestive system produces more hormones to warm the body.

• The nervous system signals the muscles of the muscular system to contract and warm the body.

• The circulatory system delivers less carbon dioxide to the muscular system, resulting in stiffening of the muscles.

• The skeletal system produces more blood cells that circulate through the blood vessels, increasing the warmth of the body.

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An alligator's, digestive system breaks down food, and its excretory system removes waste products. Which of the following do these and other organ systems make up?

• a cell

• a tissue

• an organ

• an organism

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NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Which cell structures most likely developed from prokaryotes that were able to carry out photosynthesis?

• cell walls

• chloroplasts

• mitochondria

• vacuoles

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In order to maintain homeostasis, the human body needs to take in oxygen , and get rid of carbon dioxide. Which two body systems are most involved in keeping these gases balanced throughout the body?

• excretory and circulatory

• immune and nervous

• musculoskeletal and nervous

• respiratory and circulatory

Malaria is a disease caused by the parasite Plasmodium vivax. AIDS is a disease caused by the virus HIV. Which of the following statements best compares the causes of these two diseases?

• HIV is an organism, and Plasmodium vivax is not an organism.

• HIV is not an organism, and Plasmodium vivax is an organism.

• HIV lives in another organism, and Plasmodium vivax infects a living cell.

• HIV only makes organisms ill, and Plasmodium vivax kills other organisms.

Homeostasis is the ability of living things to maintain internal balance. Which of the following is an example of homeostasis?

• A boy's nervous system causes him to pull his hand away from a hot pot.

• A dog's reproductive system enables the dog to produce offspring.

• A plant cell takes in more water when it becomes too dry.

• A virus infects a human cell and causes yellow fever.

Jose plans to use a microscope to observe a cell from a maple leaf and a cell from a snake's skin. Which of the following will Jose most likely see present in both cells?

• cell wall

• chloroplasts

• nucleus

• tissue

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2