#15 TEKS

How did the publication of Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle contribute to a change in the relationship between government and business?

• Federal troops were mobilized to break strikes by labor unions.

• Government regulations requiring the inspection of food products were implemented.

• Congress created a regulatory agency to audit railroads.

• Laws were enacted that banned private companies from discriminating when hiring.

Statement 1: The U.S. oil industry boomed due to oil deposits found in conquered territories.

Statement 2: Rebuilding its devastated army cost the United States an enormous amount of money.

Statement 3: The acquisition of new territories allowed for the expansion of U.S. commercial trade.

Statement 4: Territorial losses forced the United States to purchase expensive natural resources from other countries.

Which statement would most likely be found in a history of the economic impact of the Spanish-American War on the United States?

• Statement 1

• Statement 2

• Statement 3

• Statement 4

Which of these best explains the change in money spent at the movies from 1946 to 1965?

• An increase in unemployment

• The popularity of television

• A decrease in urban population

• The resurgence of fundamentalism

Which of the following was the main reason for the rapid settlement of the Great Plains during the late 1800s?

• Congress passed a law requiring all public lands to be sold at auction.

• Congress passed a law allowing people to claim public land and convert it to private property through homesteading.

• Speculators bought large parcels of land and then built factory towns to attract new immigrants.

• Native Americans sold most of their tribal lands directly to railroad companies.

Which of the following occurred as a result of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

• Workers secured a greater share of company profits.

• The influence of labor unions on factory owners was reduced.

• The federal government could dissolve business monopolies.

• Businesses were required to pay fees to open overseas locations.

No single great material work which remains to be undertaken on this continent is of such consequence to the American people as the building of a canal across the Isthmus connecting North and South America. Its importance to the Nation is by no means limited merely to its material effects upon our business prosperity. . . .

—President Theodore Roosevelt

The policy outlined in the excerpt was directly influenced by problems that the U.S. Navy had recently confronted during

• the Cuban Revolution

• the Mexican War

• World War I

• the Spanish-American War

This World War I–era poster was intended to persuade —

• farmers to consume fewer scarce goods during the war

• women to work producing war materials

• people to save money during the war

• people to help finance the war

Reasons for Economic Problems of the Gilded Age

• Rapid growth of trusts and monopolies

• Ruthless business tactics of robber barons

• Use of unfair practices by the railroads such as rebates, pools, and differential rates

One way the U.S. government responded to the problems caused by the conditions in this list was by —

• passing the Interstate Commerce Act

• implementing the silver standard for currency

• creating a federal jobs program for the unemployed

• establishing a new tax on capital gains

We conclude that this overpowering, irresistible tendency toward aggregation of capital and increase of size... cannot be arrested or even greatly impeded, and... instead of attempting to restrict either, we should hail every increase as something gained....

—Andrew Carnegie, The Century

The business practice described above eventually led to the enactment of legislation that —

• guaranteed public access to corporate records

• protected consumers by prohibiting monopolies

• protected domestic industries from foreign competition

• required reciprocity agreements between state governments

Which of the following was primarily responsible for the change depicted in this illustration?

• New immigrant screening procedures at Ellis Island

• A crackdown on anarchism after the assassination of President William McKinley

• Overseas expansion associated with the Spanish-American War

• An increase in circulating currency after the discovery of gold in Nome, Alaska