Unit 9 reading

The wartime internment of 112,000 Japanese-Americans

• Was upheld as constitutional by the Supreme Court

• Was the result of clear evidence that the majority of these people presented a real threat to American security

• Led to widespread protests by white Americans

• Has never been apologized for, or even acknowledged formally by the U.S. government

The Manhattan Project was a top-secret plan

• To prevent Japan from acquiring raw materials necessary for the expansion of its military

• Devised by the Nazis to eliminate Europe’s Jews

• By the United States to develop the atom bomb

• That culminated in the Allies’ D-Day landing

The bracero program, introduced in 1942, was designed to

• Improve relations with Mexico, which had grown strained under FDR's heavy handed "Good Neighbor" policy

• Bring workers from Mexico into the United States to contribute to the war effort

• Relocate the Mexican American population in California to internment camps in the interior of the United States

• Outsource production of military equipment to firms operating in Mexico

When African American leaders called for a “Double V” campaign, they were asking for

• Victories over both the Japanese and the Germans

• The election of African American candidates

• Increased numbers of Democratic office holders

• Victories over the Axis dictators and over racism in America

“Code talkers” were

• Members of the intelligence community who specialized in deciphering intercepted radio messages

• British and American specialists who broke the “Enigma” machine code

• Comanche and Navajo Indians who used their native language to relay messages unintelligible to the Axis powers

• Mathematicians who devised ever-more complex formulas for the construction of unbreakable codes

Which of the following is associated with the European theater and NOT the Pacific theater?

• Bataan Death March

• Battle of Midway

• Battle of Iwo Jima

• Battle of the Bulge

Roosevelt and Churchill disagreed on whether to open a “second front” in Europe. They ultimately decided that the first act of joint US and British involvement should be

• an invasion of North Africa

• an immediate invasion to free France

• the support of Soviet troops in Stalingrad

• collective air raids aimed at the heart of Germany

Which of the following is NOT defined correctly?

• Smith-Connally Act: increased workers' rights to strike and bargain collectively, even during times of war

• National War Labor Board (NWLB): imposed wage ceilings keeping wages from increasing

• War Production Board (WPB): orchestrated weaponry production and halted the manufacture of "nonessential" items

• Office of Price Administration (OPA): countered inflation with price controls, rationing, and regulation

• Executive Order No. 9066: internment of people of Japanese decent in America

The success of the D-Day invasion was pivotal in the destruction of Germany’s war machine in that

• It gave the Allies a foothold in Europe that they used to invade Germany

• It interrupted German-Italian plans to invade France

• It compelled the Germans and Japanese to use their depleted financial and military resources to fend off the invasion

• Germany could no longer coordinate its military activities with Italy and Japan

The Allies’ demand that Japan surrender or face annihilation was made at which wartime meeting?

• Tehran Conference

• Munich Conference

• Casablanca Conference

• Potsdam Conference