WW1 WW 2

The Twenty-second Amendment was passed in response to which event?

• The election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to a fourth presidential term

• Herbert Hoover's reelection defeat

• Bill Clinton's impeachment trial

• The resignation of Richard Nixon after Watergate

The Aircraft Warning Service... mission was to "observe the movement of aircraft and to collect and exhibit the information obtained" in order to protect the nation's coasts and adjacent territories and bases against enemy attack by land or by sea. ^{-Justine Christianson, Historic American Engineering Record, National Park Service, 2005-}

Which technological advance from World War II fulfilled this mission?

• Sonar

• Jet Engines

• Radar

• Cipher machines

The event reported in this dispatch led directly to-

• the implementation of sanctions against Japan

• US entry into World War II

• the establishment of the Truman Doctrine

• US annexation of Hawaii

Which action prompted the United States to officially enter World War II?

• The German use of blitzkrieg tactics in Europe

• Japanese military actions in Indochina

• German submarine attacks on US merchant ships

• The Japanese bombing of a US military base

What was one reason Japan attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbor?

• The US strategy of island hopping had disturbed Pacific trade routes.

• The Japanese naval fleet had been defeated at the Battle of Midway.

• Japanese Americans had been relocated to internment camps.

• US trade sanctions had caused shortages of oil, gas, and rubber.

There is a solidarity and interdependence about the modern world... which makes it impossible for any nation completely to isolate itself from economic and political upheavals in the rest of the world, especially when such upheavals appear to be spreading and not declining... . International anarchy destroys every foundation for peace. It jeopardizes... the future security of every nation, large or small. It is, therefore, a matter of vital interest and concern to the people of the United States that the sanctity of international treaties and the maintenance of international morality be restored. ^{-President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1937-}

President Roosevelt later used similar reasoning as one justification for-

• the implementation of the Marshal Plan

• dropping atomic bombs on Japan

• US involvement in WW II

• US participation in the League of Nations

The conflict is still sharpening throughout the world between two political systems. The one system represents government by freedom of choice exercised by the individual citizens. In the other, and opposing system, individual freedom and initiative are all made subordinate to the totalitarian state. ^{-President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1938-}

What was the ultimate result of the situation President Roosevelt refers to in this excerpt?

• A surge of social unrest in South America

• The outbreak of World War II

• A shift in favor of the policy of appeasement

• The overthrow of the monarchy in Russia

How did President Harry S. Truman's decision to drop the atomic bomb affect international relations?

• It initiated the arms race with the Soviet Union.

• It prompted other nations to begin investigations of war crimes.

• It enabled the United Nations to administer territory in Japan.

• It led to the establishment of the first global peacekeeping force.

Today, on behalf of your fellow Americans, I offer a sincere apology to you for the actions that unfairly denied … families fundamental liberties during World War II.

In passing the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, we acknowledged the wrongs of the past and offered redress to those who endured such grave injustice. In retrospect, we understand that the nation's actions were rooted deeply in racial prejudice, wartime hysteria, and a lack of political leadership.

^{-President Bill Clinton, letter of apology October 1, 1993-}

In this excerpt, President Clinton is apologizing for-

• the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act

• the verdict of the Sacco and Vanzetti trial

• the hearings of the House Un-American Activities Committee

• the internment of Japanese America

PRESS: Can you tell us about this wide publication of atrocity stories? Do you think the publication of them is going to be very useful?

GENERAL EISENHOWER: I think I was largely responsible for it, so I must have thought it was useful. When I found the first camp like that I think I never was so angry in my life... . I think the people at home ought to know what they are fighting for and the kind of person they are fighting.

^{-General Eisenhower, Press conference, June 18, 1945-}

In this excerpt, General Eisenhower is describing his reaction to-

• the Bataan Death March

• Nazi concentration camps

• Japanese American internment camps

• the bombing of Hiroshima