8th Grade Unit 6: Energy

The relationship between the temperature of a system and the total energy of the system depends on what factors?

• Whether or not all the parts of the system are connected

• The ability of scientists to accurately measure the thermal energy of the system

• Whether or not the system is in motion at the time

• The type, states, and the amount of matter in the system

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Four metal cubes, each at a different starting temperature, are placed in contact with each other. Which of the following describes the most likely flow of thermal energy in this situation?

• Cube #4 to Cube #2

• Cube #1 to Cube #2

• Cube #3 to Cube #4

• Cube #1 to Cube #3

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Students are testing different materials to find the one that transfers the most heat energy. Identical containers, made of different materials, were filled with hot water, and the temperature of the water was measured and recorded over time. Based on the graph of the time and temperature data, which material was most effective at transferring thermal energy?

• Material 1

• Material 2

• Material 3

• Material 4

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

An investigation to determine which material can maximize heat energy transfer would most likely include which of the following?

• Hot water placed in containers made of different substances

• Ice cubes sealed in containers of various sizes

• Metal objects heated to a variety of temperatures

• Air temperature recorded at different times of day

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on all of the following EXCEPT-

• the color of matter present.

• the type of matter present.

• the amount of matter present.

• the state of matter present.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A ball rolls across the floor. Because of friction, the ball will eventually slow down and come to a stop. Which of the following is evidence of energy transfer resulting from the change in the motion of the ball?

• Different surfaces create different amounts of friction.

• The ball moves in the same direction as it rolls across the floor.

• Energy sets the ball in motion.

• The ball and the floor gain a small amount of heat energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A graph showing the kinetic energy of a 10 kg object at different speeds is provided. Based on the information in the graph, we can predict that the kinetic energy of the object at 2 m/s would be-

• 12 Joules.

• 20 Joules.

• 38 Joules.

• 44 Joules

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

The total kinetic energy of two cars is measured before and after they crash into each other. The total kinetic energy of the two cars after the crash is less than the total kinetic energy before the crash. Which of the following best explains the loss of kinetic energy?

• Some of the cars' kinetic energy was converted to sound and heat energy.

• Both of the cars were being pulled downward by the force of gravity.

• The cars will eventually stop moving, which shows that energy is always lost.

• The car with more mass gave up its kinetic energy to the car with less mass.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A graph showing the kinetic energy and mass of objects traveling at 10 m/s is shown.

In order for an object moving at 10 m/s to have a kinetic energy of 1800 Joules, the object must have a mass in the range of-

• 0-10 kg.

• 10-20 kg.

• 20-30 kg.

• 30-40 kg.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A graph showing the kinetic energy and speed of a moving object is provided.

Which of the following can be concluded from the graph?

• Kinetic energy only changes when speed changes.

• Speed is only related to the size of an object.

• Kinetic energy increases as speed increases.

• All moving objects have the same kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1