CH01 What is Anthropology

The study of humans from a biological perspective is called:

• anthropological linguistics

• zoology

• forensic anthropology

• physical anthropology

A distinguishing feature of anthropology is its _________ approach to the study of human groups.

• historical

• psychological

• ethnocentric

• holistic

__________ is the belief that one's culture is superior to all others.

• Holism

• Ethnocentrism

• Cultural relativism

• Emeticism

The word "anthropology" derives from the Greek anthropos and logos and literally means __________.

• the study of cultures

• the words of civilized peoples

• the study of humans

• the evolution of man

Medical anthropology most often draws upon research from __________.

• anthropological linguistics and cultural anthropology

• archaeology and physical anthropology

• biological and cultural anthropology

• anthropological linguistics and physical anthropology

Which of the following best characterizes the study of paleoanthropology?

• It is the study of the evolution of dinosaurs and how human life was modified due to the presence of large reptiles.

• Paleoanthropologists focus on the reconstruction of the human fossil record through the excavation and analysis of fossil remains.

• Paleoanthropology is the study of non-human primates in their natural environments.

• Paleoanthropologists most often work in the field of forensic anthropology so that they can identify fossil material for a wide variety of species.

Ecofacts are __________.

• objects found in the natural environment that were used by people but not made or altered by them.

• objects that have been made by people and are portable.

• objects that have been made by people but are not portable.

• fossils that are embedded in natural stone.

Which of the following most accurately describes the goals of cultural resource management (CRM)?

• CRM is a type of contract archaeology in which the sites are excavated with the goal of presenting all evidence (artifacts) in a museum-quality exhibit.

• CRM is public archaeology. As a result, it involves the preparation and use of volunteer citizens in excavations on federal lands.

• CRM is considered the highest-quality scientific excavation on federal, state, or private lands. Each excavation team includes a lawyer well-versed in all laws relating to site preservation.

• CRM focuses on conducting high-quality research in compliance with all laws relating to archaeological sites excavated on federally-funded building projects.

An anthropologist who studies the relationship between language and culture is working in the field of __________.

• ethnolinguistics

• historical linguistics

• glottochronology

• descriptive linguistics

An example of an ethnography is a(n) __________.

• study of chimpanzee language

• excavation of an archaeological site

• study of the behavior of residents in a retirement home

• study of rates of disease in prehistoric populations