APUSH 3.2.I v. 2

In the early ages of the world . . . there were no kings; the consequence of which was, there were no wars. It is the pride of kings which throws mankind into confusion. Holland, without a king, hath enjoyed more peace for this last century than any of the monarchical governments in Europe.

Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776

1. Based on the passage, what idea about government does Paine support?

• A. Monarchy was not the first type of government.

• B. The king has no right to impose taxation on the American colonies.

• C. Monarchical governments are more likely to go to war.

• D. Holland should take over administration of the colonies from the British king.

Thomas Paine’s publication Common Sense was most influential in persuading American colonists to support

• (A) additional British taxes on the colonies.

• (B) creation of a new nation.

• (C) the Whiskey Rebellion.

• (D) continued ties with Great Britain.

3. These events are characteristic of which historical era?

• Passage of the Quartering Act

• Meeting of the Continental Congress

• Formation of Committees of Correspondence

• A. Age of Jackson

• B. Gilded Age

• C. Civil War

• D. Road to Revolution

That the foundation of...all free government, is a right of the people to participate in their legislative council:..

Declaration of Rights and Grievances, First Continental Congress, 1774

4. This statement was issued by the First Continental Congress because the British government did not allow —

• (A) colonial businesses to support royal taxes

• (B) powers of the colonial legislatures to increase

• (C) colonists to have representation in Parliament

• (D) laws passed by Parliament to govern the colonies

5. When this was published in early 1776, many American colonists became convinced that they should act to form a new kind of nation independent from the rule of Britain’s "cruel" courts.

• (A) Common Sense

• (B) The Wealth of Nations

• (C) The Declaration of Independence

• (D) Declaration of the Rights of Man

6. The pamphlet Common Sense, by Thomas Paine, aided the American cause in the Revolutionary War because it

• (A) was instrumental in convincing France to join in the fight against England

• (B) led to the repeal of the Stamp Act

• (C) created a new system of government for the United States

• (D) persuaded individuals who were undecided to support independence

John Locke's Enlightenment idea of the "social contract" heavily influenced the American colonists' response to the enforcement of the Navigation Acts, the Stamp Act, the Townshend Act, the Tea Act, and the so-called Intolerable Acts and made them receptive to the arguments in Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense.

7. What idea is stated by "social contract" theory?

• (A) Legal rights are codified into law by a legislative body, and are culturally and politically relative.

• (B) One natural right is the right to replace leaders if they fail to lead as the people desire.

• (C) Natural rights are not contingent upon the laws, beliefs, or customs of a society.

• (D) Governments derive their power from a social contract, which is a legal right.

"Wherefore, security being the true design and end of government, it unanswerably follows that whatever form thereof appears most likely to ensure it to us, with the least expense and greatest benefit, is preferable to all others.... Here too is the design and end of government, Freedom and Security." Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776

The ideas about government expressed by Paine is most consistent with which of the following?

• (A) The concept of hereditary rights and privileges

• (B) The belief in Manifest Destiny

• (C) The ideas of the Enlightenment

• (D) The principle of religious freedom

“To understand political power ... we must consider what estate all men are naturally in, and that it is a state of perfect freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possessions ... within the bounds of the law of nature, without asking leave, or depending upon the will of any other man....

"Whosoever therefore out of a state of nature unite into a community must be understood to give up all the power necessary to the ends for which they unite into society, to the majority of the community .. . And this is done by barely agreeing to unite into one political society.... And thus that which begins and actually constitutes any political society is nothing but the consent of any num­ber of freemen capable of a majority to unite.... And this is that... which did or could give beginning to any lawful government in the world." —John Locke, Second Treatise of Government, 1690

9. Which of the following did Locke see as the original limit on human freedom?

• (A) Royal law

• (B) Law of nature

• (C) Constitutional law

• (C) Church law

“To understand political power ... we must consider what estate all men are naturally in, and that it is a state of perfect freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possessions ... within the bounds of the law of nature, without asking leave, or depending upon the will of any other man....

"Whosoever therefore out of a state of nature unite into a community must be understood to give up all the power necessary to the ends for which they unite into society, to the majority of the community .. . And this is done by barely agreeing to unite into one political society.... And thus that which begins and actually constitutes any political society is nothing but the consent of any num­ber of freemen capable of a majority to unite.... And this is that... which did or could give beginning to any lawful government in the world." —John Locke, Second Treatise of Government, 1690

10. Locke believed that political society was based on

• (A) traditional community values

• (B) royal authority

• (C) agreement of a majority

• (D) unanimous consent