Absolutism

The English Bill of Rights

• created a constitutional monarchy.

• resolved all of England's seventeenth-century religious questions.

• reaffirmed the divine-right theory of kingship while limiting the king's power.

• confirmed the king's right to raise standing armies without parliamentary consent.

During the reign of Charles I of England,

• the English Civil War occurred.

• Oliver Cromwell emerged as the new military leader.

• Parliament was dissolved.

• he was so well liked that his monarchy became known as the Restoration.

Absolutism means

• the real power in any state must be religious and exercised by the church.

• ultimate authority rests solely in the hands of a king who rules by divine right.

• subordinate powers have an absolute right to advise the king on conducting the affairs of state.

• no matter how humble, male citizens have an absolute right to participate in politics.

What is divine right?

• The right to rule was given to the monarch by God
• a Birth right
• soldiers for hire
• a monarch for hire

During the Age of Absolutism, European monarchs looked to

• Develop better relations with muslim rulers

• Centralize political power in their nations

• Encourage the growth of political farms

• Increase human rights for citizens

Who was Peter the Great?

• This man promoted Westernization campaigns to make his country more European

• This man demonstrated absolutism by building the city Versailles as a way of distracting the French nobility

• This man didn't believe that the average person was intelligent enough to participate in government, which led him to believe that enlightened monarchy was best

• This man thought that humans were naturally greedy and chaotic and would need a large government to control them

Louis XIV built this massive, ornate palace -- largely funded by the taxpayers of his country.

• Windsor Castle

• Versailles

• St. Petersburg

• Fontainebleau

He introduced newspapers, shaved beards, and encouraged western fashion 

• Louis the XIV
• Peter the Great
• Both

The primary goal of most of Europe's absolute monarchs was to

• support political freedom for the new middle classes
• prevent contact with areas beyond Europe's borders
• centralize their political control over their nations
• maintain peaceful relations with neighboring nations

The theory justifying a monarch's rule by God's authority is called

• laissez-faire
• totalitarianism
• predestination
• divine right