Biology EOC 2nd 6 weeks Review

Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown below.

What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?

• substitution

• insertion

• deletion

• frameshift

Different types of mutations can occur in DNA. The diagram represents a type of mutation. Which statement describes the mutation in the diagram?

• A silent mutation results in the insertion of a different amino acid.

• A substitution occurs with the adenine base.

• A deletion of a cytosine base occurs

• A base is inserted into one strand of the DNA.

The table shows a DNA sequence and three types of mutations that can change the DNA sequence. Which mutations will cause translation to STOP?

• Mutations 1 and 3 only

• Mutation 1 only

• Mutation 2 only

• Mutations 1, 2, and 3

A codon chart is shown below. Which of these changes to the DNA triplet 3' GCT 5' will affect the protein produced?

• GTT

• TCT

• TCC

• GCA

Each strand of a DNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases that pair with other nitrogenous bases in very specific ways. A diagram of a section of DNA is shown.

• 5' A G U G C U CG C G C G U A 3'

• 5' T G T A G C T G C G C G T 3'

• 5'A C A T C G A C G C G C A 3'

• 5' T C G C G C A G C T A C A 3'