A wildfire in an oak and hickory forest burns most of the vegetation and kills animals unable to flee the area. Their nutrients, however, are returned to the ground in the form of ash. Since this disturbed area already has nutrient-rich soil, it can be recolonized much more quickly. What is this an example of?

• Regime Shift

• Secondary Succession

• Trophic Cascade

• Primary Succession

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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This is an illustration of forest succession after a disturbance. What are the first organisms that inhabit a barren landscape called?

• Surtsey

• Climax Species

• Producers

• Pioneer Organisms

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The 2011 North Pacific Coast of Japan Tsunami, 2018 Paradise Camp Fire, 1986 Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster are all examples of

• Symbiosis

• Climax Community

• Severe Disturbances

• Ecological Restoration

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What was Mr. Andersen from the Task 1 Video we watched in class trying to illustrate with these images (Year 1-5)?

• Deforestation

• Climax Species

• Ecological Succession

• Eradication

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What abiotic factors make it possible for soil to gather and build on rock landscapes? Select all that apply

• Erosion

• Wind

• Birds

• Rain

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary= no soil remains

  Secondary= soil remain

• Primary= soil remains

  Secondary= no soil remains

• None of the above

A mutualistically symbiotic relationship between an algae and a fungus represents what type of organism?

• Lichen

• Fern

• Moss

• Pollinator

Mosses are beneficial organisms that participate in the initial steps of life coming back to an area that has been been impacted by a severe disturbance. What are some important characteristics of these organisms? Select all that apply

• Mosses live in moist environments

• Mosses do not have roots

• Mosses have structures called rhizoids

• Mosses are photosynthetic

Both bushes and trees require _____ _____ in order to thrive.

• Deep soil

• Much shade

• Primary consumers

• Secondary consumers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Based on the video we watched in class, this graph shows how after a severe disturbance, the land has bare rock. The amount of bare rock is going to drop off as vegetation starts to come in. Once you reach the end of the graph, the climax community consists of full-grown tall trees. How do these trees affect smaller plants?

• Help control the population of primary consumers

• Produce waste products that poison the smaller plants

• Produce shade that will make it more difficult for smaller species to compete for life

• Have long roots that dig into the soil and cut off supply of water and nutrients to smaller plants

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4