2.2 Thermodynamics

Solid A at 80°C is immersed in liquid B at 60°C.

Which statement correctly describes the energy changes between A and B?

• Both A and B release heat.

• A releases heat, and B absorbs heat.

• Both A and B absorb heat.

• A absorbs heat, and B releases heat.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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Which of the following is an example of conduction?

• A stove burner warms a metal pot.

• A fire warms the surrounding air.

• A person's skin heats up in the sun.

• A microwave heats up leftover food.

Temperature is a measure of the...

• total energy in a substance
• total kinetic energy in a substance
• average potential energy in a substance
• average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance

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A slower particle has a lower energy than an identical, faster particle.

• True
• False

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The transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures is called...

• temperature
• heat
• internal energy
• none of these

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Heat transfer by conduction occurs when...

• particles bump into each other
• large numbers of atoms move from place to place
• atoms give off heat in the form of electromagnetic waves
• electromagnetic waves travel from place to place through a vacuum

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Heat transfer by convection occurs when...

• electrons bump into other electrons
• large numbers of atoms move from place to place
• atoms give off heat in the form of electromagnetic waves
• electromagnetic waves travel from place to place through a vacuum

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Heat travels from the sun to the earth by the process of...

• conduction
• convection
• radiation
• insulation

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Thermal energy always moves:

• From a high temperature object to a lower temperature object.
• From a lower temperature object to a higher temperature object.
• From an object with lower kinetic energy to an object with higher kinetic energy.
• From an object of higher mass to an object of lower mass.

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The temperature of a glass of cold water will eventually...

• Match the temperature of the surrounding environment.
• Always be colder than the surrounding environment.
• Become warmer than the surrounding environment.
• Never change temperature.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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