Quiz #4_11e_Ch9-12

Which Piagetian term literally means “self-centered”?

• Egocentrism

• Private speech

• Pragmatic

• Animism

As water is poured from a tall and thin container into a short and fat one, preoperational children are likely to say that there is now less water, because they are focusing only on how high the water is. This is a demonstration of what Piaget referred to as an absence of:

• conservation.

• scaffolding.

• animism.

• theory of mind.

After noticing that her 4-year-old brother was having difficulty putting a jigsaw puzzle together, Rose began assisting by praising his successes, helping him stay focused, and offering occasional clues as to which piece to use so that he could be successful. From Vygotsky's perspective, this as an example of:

• private speech.

• animism.

• conservation.

• scaffolding

An example of scaffolding is:

• reading to a child while the child quietly listens.

• providing a child with educational books.

• joint reading with a child by explaining, pointing, and listening.

• enrolling a child in a phonics course.

Early childhood is _____ for language learning.

• a critical period

• a sensitive period

• the only time frame

• not important

Children could be described as _____ in early childhood.

• self-critical

• language sponges

• telegraphic speakers

• slow-mappers

According to research, children who are exposed to more than one language in early childhood:

• are able to learn and separate the two languages.

• become confused and are unable to separate the two languages.

• usually end up with impaired language development.

• can become fluent in one of the languages but not the other.

Henry attends a preschool where there is a low teacher/child ratio and ample opportunity for creative expression. He is engaged in a long-term art project that he chose: making dinosaurs out of clay. Which child-centered approach does Henry's preschool most resemble?

• Reggio Emilia

• Montessori

• Head Start

• special-needs education

Montessori schools emphasize:

• artistic expression.

• individual pride and accomplishment.

• cognitive tasks like math and science.

• learning how to follow a schedule.

When early-childhood programs are being compared, the most important characteristic correlated with learning is:

• the quality of child–teacher interaction.

• the size of the classroom.

• the amount of parent involvement.

• emphasizing art over size.